Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

275 questions · 299 findings · 21 reviews · Oral and maxillofacial surgery

No studies found 50 · 16.7%GRADE not reported 207 · 69.2%Very low 17 · 5.7%Low 20 · 6.7%Moderate 5 · 1.7%High 0 · 0%

Age 8-10 years vs Age >10 years

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents with maxillary permanent first molar extraction

In the maxilla, age 8-10 years was not associated with a statistically significant difference in space closure odds.

1 finding from 1 review

Extraction at patient age <8 years vs Extraction at patient age >10 years

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, extraction before age 8 (vs after 10) increases odds of space closure (OR 5.01; low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Age 8-10 years vs Extraction at patient age >10 years

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, extraction at age 8-10 (vs after 10) increases odds of space closure (OR 3.32; low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Extraction at patient age 11-12 years vs Extraction at patient age 8-10 years

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, extraction at 11-12 vs 8-10 years showed no significant difference in one analysis (OR 0.82; not GRADE-rated).

2 findings from 1 review

Absence (previous removal or agenesis) of asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom teeth vs Retention (conservative management) of asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom teeth

Caries affecting the (distal) adjacent second molar · Adults (416 healthy male volunteers aged 24 to 84 years) with asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom teeth

It is very uncertain whether absence (previous removal or agenesis) of asymptomatic disease-free… changes caries affecting the (distal) adjacent second molar compared with presence (retention) of asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom… (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Absence (previous removal or agenesis) of asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom teeth vs Retention (conservative management) of asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom teeth

Periodontitis (distal alveolar bone loss, adjacent second molar) · Adults (416 healthy male volunteers aged 24 to 84 years) with asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom teeth

It is very uncertain whether absence (previous removal or agenesis) of asymptomatic disease-free… changes periodontitis (distal alveolar bone loss, adjacent second molar) compared with presence (retention) of asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom… (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Absence (previous removal or agenesis) of asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom teeth vs Retention (conservative management) of asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom teeth

Periodontitis (distal probing depth greater than 4 mm, adjacent second molar) · Adults (416 healthy male volunteers aged 24 to 84 years) with asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom teeth

It is very uncertain whether absence (previous removal or agenesis) of asymptomatic disease-free… changes periodontitis (distal probing depth greater than 4 mm, adjacent… compared with presence (retention) of asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom… (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

CBT plus hypnosis (combined package) vs usual care

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

CBT plus hypnosis (combined package) led to lower pain intensity compared with usual care; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with rhBMP-2 vs Traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft

Clinical assessment: alveolar ridge healing (0 to 3 grading scale) · Skeletally mature patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate and an alveolar cleft defect (>5 years; mean age 16.1 years)

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with… led to higher clinical assessment: alveolar ridge healing (0 to 3 grading scale) compared with traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with rhBMP-2 vs Traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft

Radiographic assessment: periapical film (0 to 3 grading scale) · Skeletally mature patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate and an alveolar cleft defect (>5 years; mean age 16.1 years)

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with… led to higher radiographic assessment: periapical film (0 to 3 grading scale) compared with traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with rhBMP-2 vs Traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft

Length of hospital stay · Skeletally mature patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate and an alveolar cleft defect (>5 years; mean age 16.1 years)

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with… led to lower length of hospital stay (days) compared with traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with rhBMP-2 vs Traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft

Postoperative complication: persistent oronasal fistula · Skeletally mature patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate and an alveolar cleft defect (>5 years; mean age 16.1 years)

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with… showed no clear difference in postoperative complication: persistent oronasal fistula compared with traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with rhBMP-2 vs Traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft

Radiographic assessment: three-dimensional CT scan (0 to 3 grading scale) · Skeletally mature patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate and an alveolar cleft defect (>5 years; mean age 16.1 years)

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with… led to higher radiographic assessment: three-dimensional CT scan (0 to 3 grading… compared with traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with rhBMP-2 vs Traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft

Number of participants discharged on the same day as surgery · Skeletally mature patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate and an alveolar cleft defect (>5 years; mean age 16.1 years)

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with… led to higher number of participants discharged on the same day as surgery compared with traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with rhBMP-2 vs Traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft

Clinical assessment: nasal alar base augmentation (0 to 3 grading scale) · Skeletally mature patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate and an alveolar cleft defect (>5 years; mean age 16.1 years)

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with… showed no clear difference in clinical assessment: nasal alar base augmentation (0 to 3 grading… compared with traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with rhBMP-2 vs Traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft

Radiographic assessment: Panorex scan (0 to 3 grading scale) · Skeletally mature patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate and an alveolar cleft defect (>5 years; mean age 16.1 years)

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with… led to higher radiographic assessment: Panorex scan (0 to 3 grading scale) compared with traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with rhBMP-2 vs Traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft

Postoperative complication: (partial) loss of bone graft · Skeletally mature patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate and an alveolar cleft defect (>5 years; mean age 16.1 years)

Artificial bone graft: InFuse (collagen matrix) impregnated with… showed no clear difference in postoperative complication: (partial) loss of bone graft compared with traditional iliac crest cancellous bone graft; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) status and its oral microbiota (exposure/grouping) vs Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years without CLP (controls)

Dental caries · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)

Pooling 3 studies, children/adolescents with CLP were about 2.03 times more likely to have dental caries than non-CLP controls (p<0.005; low heterogeneity), though most included studies were at high risk of bias; the evidence is ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) status and its oral microbiota (exposure/grouping) vs Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years without CLP (controls)

Lactobacillus spp. salivary/plaque counts (cariogenic microbiota) · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)

A meta-analysis found no significant difference in mean Lactobacillus spp. levels between children with and without CLP, with high heterogeneity; the evidence is ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) status and its oral microbiota (exposure/grouping) vs Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years without CLP (controls)

Streptococcus mutans count · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)

A meta-analysis of 2 studies found no difference in mean Streptococcus mutans levels between children with and without CLP, with very high heterogeneity; the evidence is ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review