Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

439 questions · 686 findings · 68 reviews · Oral Health

No studies found 4 · 0.6%GRADE not reported 617 · 89.9%Very low 26 · 3.8%Low 20 · 2.9%Moderate 11 · 1.6%High 8 · 1.2%

Older adults (population mean age >33.4 years) vs Younger adults (population mean age <=33.4 years)

Caries experience (mean DMFT) · Adults aged 19-60 years

Studies of older adults (mean age >33.4 years) had higher pooled DMFT than younger adults, but the age to DMFT meta-regression was not statistically significant; ungraded observational evidence.

5 findings from 1 review
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Younger children's age (3-5 years) vs Older children (>5 years)

Poor oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) · Children aged 3-12 years

Children aged 3 years had higher odds of poor OHRQoL than older children (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.42-2.57; 2 studies; ungraded).

2 findings from 1 review

Age 8-10 years vs Age >10 years

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents with maxillary permanent first molar extraction

In the maxilla, age 8-10 years was not associated with a statistically significant difference in space closure odds.

1 finding from 1 review

Extraction at patient age <8 years vs Extraction at patient age >10 years

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, extraction before age 8 (vs after 10) increases odds of space closure (OR 5.01; low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Age 8-10 years vs Extraction at patient age >10 years

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, extraction at age 8-10 (vs after 10) increases odds of space closure (OR 3.32; low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Extraction at patient age 11-12 years vs Extraction at patient age 8-10 years

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, extraction at 11-12 vs 8-10 years showed no significant difference in one analysis (OR 0.82; not GRADE-rated).

2 findings from 1 review

High Streptococcus mutans colonization in primary dentition (age 2-3 years) vs Lower Streptococcus mutans load

Caries (DMFT/DMFS) in mixed/permanent dentition · School children and adolescents (6-18 years) followed from primary dentition (baseline examination before 72 months of age)

Higher early Streptococcus mutans colonization is associated with more caries in the mixed/permanent dentition (2 studies; not pooled; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Older adults (population mean age >33.4 years) vs Not applicable

Dental caries · Adult participants in 25 meta-regression studies

The unadjusted meta-regression coefficient for older mean age was 4.324884.

2 findings from 1 review

Older age vs Younger adults (population mean age <=33.4 years)

Oral health-related quality of life · Adolescents (10-19 years)

The abstract reports older age is associated with worse OHRQoL, but the body notes the evidence on age is limited and conflicting (narrative synthesis; no pooled estimate or GRADE rating).

2 findings from 1 review

Late tooth brushing initiation (>=12 months, or >=2 years in some studies) vs Early tooth brushing initiation (<12 months, or <2 years)

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Healthy children under 6 years of age (6 months to 6 years); preschool children

In the primary pooled analysis, late tooth brushing initiation was associated with a non-significant 40% higher odds of early childhood caries (OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.91 to 2.16), with very high heterogeneity (I2=90.5%); ungraded.

2 findings from 1 review

Dental (tooth) agenesis vs No dental agenesis

Oral health-related quality of life · Adolescents (10-19 years)

The umbrella review reported insufficient scientific evidence to support an association between dental agenesis and oral health-related quality of life.

2 findings from 1 review

Older child age (months) vs Younger age (reference)

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Children aged 0-5 years in North Africa

Age 48-59 months was associated with higher odds of ECC (OR 2.602).

2 findings from 1 review

Low maternal education (<=6 years of schooling) vs Higher maternal education (>6 years)

Poor oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) · Children aged 3-12 years

Lower maternal education was associated with poor OHRQoL (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.00-1.23; 4 studies; high heterogeneity; CI lower bound at the null; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride-releasing resin-based bonding agent vs Non-fluoride resin-based bonding agent

Initiation of white spot lesions (WSL), visual-tactile assessment · Patients of any age (11-40 years) receiving comprehensive/fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances

For resin-based bonding agents, fluoride release did not significantly change WSL initiation (RR 0.97); subgroup not separately GRADE-rated.

1 finding from 1 review

Compomer (polyacid-modified composite, fluoride-releasing) for bonding brackets vs Compomer bonding agent without fluoride release

Initiation of white spot lesions (WSL), visual-tactile assessment · Patients of any age (11-40 years) receiving comprehensive/fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances

For compomer-based bonding agents, fluoride release did not significantly change WSL initiation (RR 0.71); subgroup not separately GRADE-rated.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride-releasing glass ionomer-based bonding agent vs Non-fluoride glass ionomer-based bonding agent

Initiation of white spot lesions (WSL), visual-tactile assessment · Patients of any age (11-40 years) receiving comprehensive/fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances

For a glass-ionomer-based bonding agent (single study), fluoride release significantly reduced WSL initiation (RR 0.64); subgroup not separately GRADE-rated.

1 finding from 1 review

Food and nonalcoholic beverage marketing (exposure) vs No, less, or less powerful food marketing

Food intake · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

Food marketing was associated with a significant increase in children's food intake (pooled SMD, 0.25; combined RCT and nonrandomized evidence).

3 findings from 1 review