Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,315 questions · 23,557 findings · 2,311 reviews

No studies found 4,183 · 17.8%GRADE not reported 3,930 · 16.7%Very low 5,371 · 22.8%Low 5,787 · 24.6%Moderate 3,320 · 14.1%High 966 · 4.1%

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Fortification of salt with iron and iodine vs fortification of salt with iodine

Anaemia prevalence · participants were of any age or sex and from any country, regardless of baseline iron and iodine status

Fortification of salt with iron and iodine probably leads to lower prevalence of anaemia compared with fortification of salt with iodine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of salt with iron and iodine vs fortification of salt with iodine

Prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia · participants were of any age or sex and from any country, regardless of baseline iron and iodine status

Fortification of salt with iron and iodine may leads to lower prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia compared with fortification of salt with iodine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs sham

Presence or absence of urinary urgency · Adults with overactive bladder (OAB)

It is very uncertain whether acupuncture changes presence or absence of urinary urgency compared with sham acupuncture (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs medication

Presence or absence of urinary urgency · Adults with overactive bladder (OAB)

It is very uncertain whether acupuncture changes presence or absence of urinary urgency compared with medication (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Other methods (pooled: ART/glass ionomer cement, nano-silver fluoride, placebo)

Caries arrestment at the individual (patient) level · Children and adults with active dental caries (aged 1-50; mostly preschool/school children with primary dentition)

Compared with other caries-management methods, SDF may increase caries arrestment at the individual level, but the pooled estimate is very imprecise (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) with glass ionomer cement (GIC) or glass ionomer material

Caries arrestment at the individual (patient) level · Children and adults with active dental caries (aged 1-50; mostly preschool/school children with primary dentition)

In one trial, SDF greatly increased individual-level caries arrestment versus ART/glass ionomer cement (OR 18.03); this subgroup was not separately GRADE-rated.

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary advice on how to achieve a healthy diet for infants (tailored advice focused on a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol intake) vs usual care

Dental caries · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Advice about a healthy diet (including breastfeeding promotion and sugar avoidance) and feeding practices (e.g. relating to bottle-feeding and sleep) for infants and young children vs usual care

dmfs index score (decayed, missing, filled primary surfaces; range 0-80) · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years…

Advice about a healthy diet (including breastfeeding promotion and… showed no clear difference in dmfs index score (decayed, missing, filled primary surfaces; range… compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Fluoride varnish

Caries arrestment at the tooth level · Children and adults with active dental caries (aged 1-50; mostly preschool/school children with primary dentition)

In one trial, SDF increased tooth-level caries arrestment versus 5% sodium fluoride varnish (OR 4.75; ungraded subgroup).

1 finding from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Fluoride varnish

Caries arrestment at the surface level · Children and adults with active dental caries (aged 1-50; mostly preschool/school children with primary dentition)

Pooling two highly heterogeneous trials, SDF showed no significant difference versus 5% sodium fluoride varnish in surface-level caries arrestment (OR 1.46; ungraded subgroup).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylaxis (teeth cleaning) and CHX or iodine-NaF solution application in the dentition of women (mothers) vs placebo

Adverse events for mother or child · For interventions, pregnant women and mothers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years of age
1 finding from 1 review

Prophylaxis (teeth cleaning) and CHX or iodine-NaF solution application in the dentition of women (mothers) vs placebo

Dental caries · For interventions, pregnant women and mothers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Dietary advice on how to achieve a healthy diet for infants (tailored advice focused on a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol intake) vs usual care

Mother self-reported oral health behaviours · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years…
1 finding from 1 review

Consumption of xylitol chewing gum by women (mothers) vs Consumption of CHX/xylitol gum by women, or CHX varnish applied to women's dentition

defs index score · For interventions, pregnant women and mothers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years of age

It is very uncertain whether consumption of xylitol chewing gum by women (mothers) changes defs index score (categories) compared with consumption of CHX/xylitol gum by women, or CHX varnish applied to… (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review