Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

423 questions · 477 findings · 107 reviews

No studies found 44 · 9.2%GRADE not reported 97 · 20.3%Very low 165 · 34.6%Low 113 · 23.7%Moderate 41 · 8.6%High 17 · 3.6%

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment

Death or cerebral palsy · preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in mortality or cerebral palsy at latest reported age compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

VIDEO GAMES (COMMERCIAL NON‐EXERGAMES) (plus standard care) vs COGNITIVE REMEDIATION (plus standard care)

Adverse effects*: leaving the study early ‐ did not leave · patients with schizophrenia

VIDEO GAMES (COMMERCIAL NON‐EXERGAMES) (plus standard care) showed no clear difference in adverse effects*: leaving the study early ‐ did not leave ‐ by end… compared with COGNITIVE REMEDIATION (plus standard care) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY + MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING vs usual care

Lost to treatment · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse

Cognitive behavioural therapy + motivational interviewing showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: Lost to treatment compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 vs placebo

Satisfaction with treatment: 1. Leaving the study early ‐ long term · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

Group A: omega‐3 fatty acids showed no clear difference in satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Long‐term… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group B antipsychotic drugs: amisulpiride + needs‐focused intervention vs needs‐focused intervention

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B antipsychotic drugs: amisulpiride + needs‐focused intervention changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with needs‐focused intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group B antipsychotic drugs: olanzapine + supportive intervention vs placebo or supportive treatment

Satisfaction and acceptability of treatment (medium term) ‐ leaving the study early · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B antipsychotic drugs: olanzapine + supportive intervention changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with placebo + supportive intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + supportive therapy vs supportive therapy

Satisfaction and acceptability of treatment (medium term) ‐ leaving the study early · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with supportive therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + risperidone vs placebo and cognitive and behavioural therapies

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with cognitive behavioural therapy + placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy (specific preventive intervention) + needs‐based intervention + risperidone vs needs‐based intervention

Satisfaction with treatment: 1. Leaving the study early ‐ long term · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early (events)… compared with needs‐based intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + placebo vs placebo or supportive treatment

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with supportive therapy + placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + supportive intervention vs non‐directive reflective listening + supportive intervention

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with non‐directive reflective listening + supportive intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group A: amino acids vs placebo

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group A: amino acids changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review