Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

3,006 questions · 3,171 findings · 607 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 411 · 13%GRADE not reported 153 · 4.8%Very low 968 · 30.5%Low 897 · 28.3%Moderate 589 · 18.6%High 153 · 4.8%

RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs OLANZAPINE

Clinical response: mean score/change in mental state: mean PANSS total score (high = poor) · patients with schizophrenia

1 finding from 1 review

Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 361 participants
Low

RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs TYPICAL DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Clinical response: mean score/change in mental state: mean PANSS total score (high = poor) · patients with schizophrenia

1 finding from 1 review

Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 43 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Quality of life on a 0 to 100 scale. Various quality of life scales. (higher score is better)

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise for the treatment of knee and hip osteoarthritis 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 1027 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Health‐related quality of life ‐ all trials Higher scores indicate improved health‐related quality of life · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who do not qualify for home oxygen therapy

1 finding from 1 review

Oxygen for breathlessness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who do not qualify for home oxygen… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 267 participants
Low

Oral iron vs placebo or no treatment

Severe malaria · children in malaria‐endemic areas

Oral iron leads to lower severe malaria Defined as clinical malaria with high‐grade… compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral iron supplements for children in malaria‐endemic areas 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.81, 0.98]
6 studies · 3421 participants
High

Summary of findings: figure‐of‐eight bandage vs arm sling

Shoulder function · patients (mainly young male adults) with fractures of the middle third of the clavicle

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: figure‐of‐eight bandage changes shoulder function Constant score (0 to 100 points: higher = better) compared with arm sling (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating middle third clavicle fractures in adolescents and adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 51 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

High‐intensity pain with lidocaine admixture Pain scales · Adult participants receiving propofol for induction of anaesthesia

The intervention leads to lower high‐intensity pain with lidocaine admixture Pain scales (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine for reducing propofol‐induced pain on induction of anaesthesia in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.19 [0.15, 0.25]
31 studies · 4927 participants
High

Intervention not reported

High‐intensity pain with lidocaine pretreatment Pain scales · Adult participants receiving propofol for induction of anaesthesia

The intervention leads to lower high‐intensity pain with lidocaine pretreatment Pain scales (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine for reducing propofol‐induced pain on induction of anaesthesia in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.13 [0.1, 0.18]
41 studies · 3918 participants
High

Statins vs placebo

Valve area (cm2) Better indicated by higher scores. · patients with aortic valve stenosis

Statin showed no clear difference in valve area (cm2) Better indicated by higher scores. compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Statins for aortic valve stenosis 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 127 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Mean change in hemoglobin (better indicated by higher values) · people diagnosed with chemotherapy‐induced anemia

The intervention may leads to higher mean change in hemoglobin (better indicated by higher values) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

The role of iron in the management of chemotherapy‐induced anemia in cancer patients receiving… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 0.48 [0.1, 0.86]
3 studies · 827 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Quality of life (better indicated by higher values) · people diagnosed with chemotherapy‐induced anemia

The intervention showed no clear difference in quality of life (better indicated by higher values) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

The role of iron in the management of chemotherapy‐induced anemia in cancer patients receiving… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.01
3 studies · 1124 participants
High

Bioabsorbable vs metallic interference screws

Functional ability · Adults undergoing surgical reconstruction of a ruptured ACL1

3 findings from 1 review

Bioabsorbable versus metallic interference screws for graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 168 participants
Very low
Bioabsorbable versus metallic interference screws for graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 113 participants
Very low
Bioabsorbable versus metallic interference screws for graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 71 participants
Very low

Bioabsorbable vs metallic interference screws

Activity level: Tegner score ( 0 to 10; higher scores = greater activity) · Adults undergoing surgical reconstruction of a ruptured ACL1

2 findings from 1 review

Bioabsorbable versus metallic interference screws for graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 122 participants
Very low
Bioabsorbable versus metallic interference screws for graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 72 participants
Very low

Active education + Support for implementation vs Routine care or Passive dissemination

Patient outcome: Global state: average score (PANSS total, high = poor) · patients with schizophrenia or related psychoses

1 finding from 1 review

Implementation of treatment guidelines for specialist mental health care 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 59 participants
Very low

Active education + Support for implementation vs Routine care or Passive dissemination

Patient outcome: satisfaction with care: average score (ZUF8, high = better satisfaction) · patients with schizophrenia or related psychoses

1 finding from 1 review

Implementation of treatment guidelines for specialist mental health care 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 46 participants
Very low

Active education + Support for implementation vs Routine care or Passive dissemination

Drug attitude—DAI · patients with schizophrenia or related psychoses

1 finding from 1 review

Implementation of treatment guidelines for specialist mental health care 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 32 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Adverse outcomes ‐ glare and halo scores at 3 months (grade 0 ‐ none; grade 1 ‐ very low; grade 2 ‐ low; grade 3 ‐ moderate; grade 4 ‐ high; and grade 5 ‐ very high) · adult participants (≥ 18 years) with myopia

1 finding from 1 review

Laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) versus photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for correction of myopia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Electrical stimulation vs No active treatment (control)

OAB‐related quality of life · Adults with overactive bladder (OAB)

1 finding from 1 review

Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 148 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

PTSD severity following treatment completion As assessed by the CAPS, PSS‐I, or IES‐R. High scores indicate greater symptom severity · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 405 participants
Very low

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or PTSD only vs control intervention

Drug or alcohol use, or both following treatment completion ‐ Group‐based intervention As assessed by the ASI, TLFB or CIDI. High scores indicate greater symptom severity · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 464 participants
Very low