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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,956 questions in 143 reviews · Musculoskeletal
current versionsNo studies 555 · 28.4%Ungraded 107 · 5.5%Very low 255 · 13%Low 555 · 28.4%Moderate 357 · 18.3%High 127 · 6.5%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
NSAIDs vs placebo Withdrawals due to adverse events · acute gout Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
NSAIDs vs placebo Total adverse events · acute gout Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.2 [0.01, 3.85] | NR | Low |
Non‐selective NSAIDs vs selective cyclo‐oxygenase‐2 inhibitors Pain: mean change from baseline on 5‐point (0 to 4, 0 no pain) Likert scale · acute gout Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Non‐selective NSAIDs vs selective cyclo‐oxygenase‐2 inhibitors Inflammation (swelling): mean change from baselineon 4‐point (0 to 3, 0 no swelling) Likert scale · acute gout Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Skim milk enriched with GMP/G600 vs skim milk, plus lactose powder Acute gout flaresParticipant self‐report, using gout flare diary · people with chronic gout Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 120 participants | Low |
Vitamin C vs allopurinol sUA reduction · peoeple with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36 mmol/L Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Low |
Vitamin C vs allopurinol Joint pain reduction · peoeple with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36 mmol/L Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vitamin C vs allopurinol Participant global assessment · peoeple with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36 mmol/L Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vitamin C vs allopurinol Total adverse events · peoeple with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36 mmol/L Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Low |
Vitamin C vs allopurinol Tophus regression · peoeple with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36 mmol/L Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Skim milk enriched with GMP/G600 vs skim milk, plus lactose powder Study withdrawals due to adverse events · people with chronic gout Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.27 [0.53, 3.03] | 1 study · 120 participants | Low |
Skim milk enriched with GMP/G600 vs skim milk, plus lactose powder sUA acid reductionb (in mmol/L) · people with chronic gout Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 120 participants | Low |
Skim milk enriched with GMP/G600 vs skim milk, plus lactose powder Joint pain reduction10‐point Likert scale (0 = no pain) · people with chronic gout Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 120 participants | Low |
Skim milk enriched with GMP/G600 vs skim milk, plus lactose powder Participant global assessment 5‐point Likert scale (5 = excellent) · people with chronic gout Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Skim milk enriched with GMP/G600 vs skim milk, plus lactose powder Total adverse eventsd · people with chronic gout Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.97 [0.66, 1.45] | 1 study · 120 participants | Low |
Skim milk enriched with GMP/G600 vs skim milk, plus lactose powder Tophus regression · people with chronic gout Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vitamin C vs allopurinol Acute gout flares · peoeple with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36 mmol/L Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vitamin C vs allopurinol Study withdrawals due to adverse events · peoeple with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36 mmol/L Dietary supplements for chronic gout (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Low |
Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo Reduction of at least 4 points in SELENA‐SLEDAI at 52 weeks SELENA‐SLEDAI score, a validated marker of SLE disease activity (range 0 to 105; higher score = worse disease activity) · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement) Belimumab for systemic lupus erythematosus (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.33 [1.22, 1.45] | 4 studies · 2666 participants | High |
Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo Change in HRQOL, on SF‐36 PCS score at 52 weeks Improvement in SF‐36 PCS score from baseline ( · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement) Belimumab for systemic lupus erythematosus (2021) · Cochrane | MD 1.6 [0.3, 2.9] | 2 studies · 801 participants | Moderate |
Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo Reduction of glucocorticoid dose by at least 50% · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement) Belimumab for systemic lupus erythematosus (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.59 [1.17, 2.15] | 2 studies · 537 participants | High |
Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo Participants with one or more serious adverse events · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement) Belimumab for systemic lupus erythematosus (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.87 [0.68, 1.11] | 5 studies · 2890 participants | Low |
Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo Participants with one or more serious infections · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement) Belimumab for systemic lupus erythematosus (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.66, 1.54] | 4 studies · 2185 participants | Moderate |
Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement) Belimumab for systemic lupus erythematosus (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.82 [0.63, 1.07] | 5 studies · 2890 participants | Moderate |
Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo Number of participants who died during the study · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement) Belimumab for systemic lupus erythematosus (2021) · Cochrane | Peto OR 1.15 [0.41, 3.25] | 6 studies · 2917 participants | Low |
Autologous blood or PRP vs placebo at 3 months' follow‐up Pain (VAS, PRTEE) translated to 0 to 10, where 0 is no pain · lateral elbow pain Autologous blood and platelet‐rich plasma injection therapy for lateral elbow pain (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 523 participants | Moderate |
Autologous blood or PRP vs placebo at 3 months' follow‐up Function (PRTEE, DASH, MMCPIE, Roles‐Maudsley), translated to 0 to 100, where 0 is best function, or no disability · lateral elbow pain Autologous blood and platelet‐rich plasma injection therapy for lateral elbow pain (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 502 participants | Moderate |
Autologous blood or PRP vs placebo at 3 months' follow‐up Treatment success (> 25% improvement in pain or function) · lateral elbow pain Autologous blood and platelet‐rich plasma injection therapy for lateral elbow pain (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.83, 1.19] | 4 studies · 372 participants | Very low |
Autologous blood or PRP vs placebo at 3 months' follow‐up Health‐related quality of life Not measured · lateral elbow pain Autologous blood and platelet‐rich plasma injection therapy for lateral elbow pain (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Autologous blood or PRP vs placebo at 3 months' follow‐up Pain relief ≥ 30% or ≥ 50% Not measured at 3 months · lateral elbow pain Autologous blood and platelet‐rich plasma injection therapy for lateral elbow pain (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Autologous blood or PRP vs placebo at 3 months' follow‐up Withdrawal due to adverse events  · lateral elbow pain Autologous blood and platelet‐rich plasma injection therapy for lateral elbow pain (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.32 [0.03, 2.92] | 1 study · 80 participants | Very low |
Autologous blood or PRP vs placebo at 3 months' follow‐up Adverse events (pain and swelling at injection site and limitation of elbow movement following injection) · lateral elbow pain Autologous blood and platelet‐rich plasma injection therapy for lateral elbow pain (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.14 [0.76, 1.72] | 5 studies · 425 participants | Low |
Kinesiotaping vs sham taping Overall pain · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Kinesiotaping vs other conservative treatment Pain on motion · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Kinesiotaping vs other conservative treatment Active range of motion (shoulder abduction) without pain. Scale: 0 to 180 degrees№ of participants: 143(3 RCTs) · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Kinesiotaping vs other conservative treatment Quality of life · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Kinesiotaping vs other conservative treatment Global assessment of treatment success№ of participants: (0 studies) · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Kinesiotaping vs other conservative treatment Adverse events№ of participants: 391 (7 RCTs) · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Kinesiotaping vs sham taping Function · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Kinesiotaping vs sham taping Pain on motion · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Kinesiotaping vs sham taping Active range of motion (shoulder abduction) without pain. Scale: 0 to 180 degrees№ of participants: 68(2 RCTs) · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Kinesiotaping vs sham taping Global assessment of treatment success№ of participants: (0 studies) · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Kinesiotaping vs sham taping Quality of life№ of participants: (0 studies) · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Kinesiotaping vs sham taping Adverse events№ of participants: 136 (4 RCTs) · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Kinesiotaping vs other conservative treatment Overall pain · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Kinesiotaping vs other conservative treatment Function · rotator cuff disease Kinesio taping for rotator cuff disease (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
NSAID injection vs glucocorticoid injection Resolution at 12 to 24 weeks Quinell Grade (range 0 to 4, resolved disease is grade 0) · adults (> 18 years of age) with trigger finger Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for trigger finger (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.83 [0.62, 1.11] | 2 studies · 231 participants | Low |
NSAID injection vs glucocorticoid injection Persistent moderate to severe symptoms at 12 to 24 weeks · adults (> 18 years of age) with trigger finger Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for trigger finger (2021) · Cochrane | RR 2.03 [1.19, 3.46] | 2 studies · 231 participants | Low |
NSAID injection vs glucocorticoid injection Recurrence at 12 to 24 weeks · adults (> 18 years of age) with trigger finger Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for trigger finger (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.07 [0.01, 0.38] | 2 studies · 231 participants | Very low |
NSAID injection vs glucocorticoid injection Total active motion · adults (> 18 years of age) with trigger finger Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for trigger finger (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 99 participants | Low |