Number of catheters used (Number of participants needing catheter replacement, saline washout versus no washout) · Long‐term indwelling urinary catheterisation in adults
It is very uncertain whether any washout changes number of catheters used (Number of participants needing catheter… compared with no washout (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of participants with symptomatic UTI · Long‐term indwelling urinary catheterisation in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Time in hospital(days) · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate
Mortality (during hospitalization) · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea
It is very uncertain whether balanced crystalloid solutions changes mortality (during hospitalization) compared with 0.9% saline (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.33 [0.02, 7.39]
Studies not reported
Very low
Need for additional fluids · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea
Balanced crystalloid solutions showed no clear difference in need for additional fluids compared with 0.9% saline (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.67 [0.26, 1.72]
Studies not reported
Low
Total amount of fluids received · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low
Final pH after correction (corrected pH) · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low
Final bicarbonate level after correction · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low
Adverse events: hyponatraemia · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea
Balanced crystalloid solutions showed no clear difference in adverse events: hyponatraemia compared with 0.9% saline (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 1.41 [0.96, 2.07]
Studies not reported
Low
Adverse events ‐ hypokalaemia · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea
Balanced crystalloid solutions probably leads to lower adverse events: hypokalaemia compared with 0.9% saline (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.54 [0.31, 0.96]
Studies not reported
Moderate
Overall mortality (in‐hospital death) · critically ill adults and children
1 finding from 1 review
Acute renal Injury (defined as RIFLE or AKIN criteria by study authors) · critically ill adults and children
1 finding from 1 review
Organ system dysfunction (during admission) · critically ill adults and children
1 finding from 1 review
Electrolyte disturbances · critically ill adults and children
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Plasma potassium, mmol/L (during admission) · critically ill adults and children
1 finding from 1 review
Plasma chloride, mmol/L (during admission) · critically ill adults and children
1 finding from 1 review
Plasma pH (during admission) · critically ill adults and children
1 finding from 1 review
Plasma bicarbonate, mmol/L (during admission) · critically ill adults and children
1 finding from 1 review
Inadequate brain relaxation 3‐ or 4‐point scalesa · patients with brain relaxation undergoing craniotomy
Mannitol may leads to lower inadequate brain relaxation 3‐ or 4‐point scalesa compared with hypertonic saline (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Time to a clean wound bed ( · adults with surgical wounds
Streptokinase/streptodornase (enzymatic) may leads to lower time to a clean wound bed ( compared with saline‐soaked dressing (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review