Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,092 questions · 3,199 findings · 339 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 714 · 22.3%GRADE not reported 181 · 5.7%Very low 695 · 21.7%Low 908 · 28.4%Moderate 568 · 17.8%High 133 · 4.2%

Dietary advice vs oral nutritional supplements

Number of people admitted or re‐admitted to hospital · adults with disease‐related malnutrition

Dietary advice showed no clear difference in number of people admitted or re‐admitted to hospital compared with oral nutritional supplements (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Glucocorticoid with cyclophosphamide plus usual care vs placebo or usual care

All‐cause mortality at final · people with moderate to severe oral paraquat poisoning

Glucocorticoid with cyclophosphamide plus usual care may leads to lower all‐cause mortality at final compared with usual care (with or without placebo) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Glucocorticoid with cyclophosphamide plus usual care vs placebo or usual care

New infection within 1 week after initiation of treatment Assessed through clinical diagnosis · people with moderate to severe oral paraquat poisoning

It is very uncertain whether glucocorticoid with cyclophosphamide plus usual care changes new infection within 1 week after initiation of treatment Assessed… compared with usual care (with or without placebo) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

Wound infection · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

It is very uncertain whether antibiotic prophylaxis changes all wound infections (SSSI + DSSI) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

DSSI · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

Antibiotic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in DSSI compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

DSSI ‐ low infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

Antibiotic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in DSSI ‐ low infection risk environment compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

DSSI ‐ high infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

Antibiotic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in DSSI ‐ high infection risk environment compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

All wound infections (SSSI + DSSI) ‐ low infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

It is very uncertain whether antibiotic prophylaxis changes all wound infections (SSSI + DSSI) ‐ low infection risk environment compared with placebo (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

All wound infections (SSSI + DSSI) ‐ high infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

It is very uncertain whether antibiotic prophylaxis changes all wound infections (SSSI + DSSI) ‐ high infection risk environment compared with placebo (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

SSSI · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

Antibiotic prophylaxis probably leads to lower SSSI compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

SSSI ‐ low infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

Antibiotic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in SSSI ‐ low infection risk environment compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

SSSI ‐ high infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

It is very uncertain whether antibiotic prophylaxis changes SSSI ‐ high infection risk environment compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review