Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

153 questions · 155 findings · 33 reviews · Gut

No studies found 40 · 25.8%GRADE not reported 2 · 1.3%Very low 31 · 20%Low 42 · 27.1%Moderate 34 · 21.9%High 6 · 3.9%

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) vs other endoscopic techniques

Post‐ERCP pancreatitis · people with biliary cannulation for the prevention of post‐ERCP pancreatitis

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) may leads to higher post‐ERCP pancreatitis compared with other endoscopic techniques (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) vs other endoscopic techniques

CBD cannulation success with the randomised technique (before the use of rescue techniques) · people with biliary cannulation for the prevention of post‐ERCP pancreatitis

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) showed no clear difference in CBD cannulation success with the randomised technique (before the… compared with other endoscopic techniques (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) vs other endoscopic techniques

Overall success of cannulation · people with biliary cannulation for the prevention of post‐ERCP pancreatitis

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) showed no clear difference in overall cannulation success compared with other endoscopic techniques (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) vs other endoscopic techniques

Post‐ERCP bleeding · people with biliary cannulation for the prevention of post‐ERCP pancreatitis

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) showed no clear difference in post‐ERCP bleeding compared with other endoscopic techniques (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) vs other endoscopic techniques

Post‐ERCP perforation · people with biliary cannulation for the prevention of post‐ERCP pancreatitis

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) showed no clear difference in post‐ERCP perforation compared with other endoscopic techniques (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) vs other endoscopic techniques

Post‐ERCP cholangitis · people with biliary cannulation for the prevention of post‐ERCP pancreatitis

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) showed no clear difference in post‐ERCP cholangitis compared with other endoscopic techniques (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) vs other endoscopic techniques

All‐cause mortality · people with biliary cannulation for the prevention of post‐ERCP pancreatitis

Pancreatic duct guidewire (PGW) or double guidewire technique (DGT) showed no clear difference in mortality compared with other endoscopic techniques (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epinephrine vs epinephrine and any second endoscopic method

Recurrent and persistent bleeding overall rates with or without second‐look endoscopy Rebleeding (persistent or recurrent bleeding) · patients with high‐risk bleeding ulcers

Epinephrine probably leads to lower recurrent and persistent bleeding overall rates with or without… compared with epinephrine and any second endoscopic method (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epinephrine vs epinephrine and any second endoscopic method

Surgery rate Number requiring emergency surgery · patients with high‐risk bleeding ulcers

Epinephrine probably leads to lower surgery rate Number requiring emergency surgery compared with epinephrine and any second endoscopic method (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epinephrine vs epinephrine and any second endoscopic method

Mortality rate Number of deaths (30‐day mortality or in‐hospital mortality) · patients with high‐risk bleeding ulcers

Epinephrine probably leads to lower mortality rate Number of deaths (30‐day mortality or in‐hospital… compared with epinephrine and any second endoscopic method (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epinephrine vs epinephrine and any second endoscopic method

Adverse effects of endoscopy therapy Adverse effects · patients with high‐risk bleeding ulcers

Epinephrine probably leads to higher adverse effects of endoscopy therapy Adverse effects compared with epinephrine and any second endoscopic method (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Guidewire‐assisted cannulation vs contrast‐assisted cannulation

Post‐ERCP pancreatitis · Patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP

Guidewire‐assisted cannulation probably leads to lower post‐ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) compared with contrast‐assisted cannulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Guidewire‐assisted cannulation vs contrast‐assisted cannulation

Primary cannulation success · Patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP

Guidewire‐assisted cannulation may leads to higher primary cannulation success compared with contrast‐assisted cannulation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Guidewire‐assisted cannulation vs contrast‐assisted cannulation

Overall success of cannulation · Patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP

Guidewire‐assisted cannulation showed no clear difference in overall cannulation success compared with contrast‐assisted cannulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Guidewire‐assisted cannulation vs contrast‐assisted cannulation

Need for precut sphincterotomy · Patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP

Guidewire‐assisted cannulation probably leads to lower need for precut sphincterotomy compared with contrast‐assisted cannulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Guidewire‐assisted cannulation vs contrast‐assisted cannulation

Post‐sphincterotomy bleeding · Patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP

Guidewire‐assisted cannulation showed no clear difference in post‐sphincterotomy bleeding compared with contrast‐assisted cannulation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Guidewire‐assisted cannulation vs contrast‐assisted cannulation

Perforation · Patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP

It is very uncertain whether guidewire‐assisted cannulation changes perforation compared with contrast‐assisted cannulation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Endoscopy vs surgery

Relief of pain · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis

Endoscopy probably leads to higher pain relief ‐ middle‐term compared with surgery (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review