Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

344 questions · 346 findings · 97 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 31 · 9%GRADE not reported 6 · 1.7%Very low 154 · 44.5%Low 99 · 28.6%Moderate 39 · 11.3%High 17 · 4.9%

Very early cerebral revascularization vs delayed treatment

Perioperative death and strokes · people with recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis

It is very uncertain whether very early cerebral revascularization changes stroke and Death < 30 days compared with delayed treatment (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment

Mortality Mortality at latest · preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in mortality at latest reported age compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment

BPD (36 weeks' PMA) · preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids probably leads to lower BPD (36 weeks' PMA) compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment

Death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA · preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids leads to lower mortality or BPD at 36 weeks' PMA compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment

Gastrointestinal perforation during primary hospitalisation · preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids leads to higher gastrointestinal perforation during primary hospitalisation compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment

Cerebral palsy · preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids leads to higher cerebral palsy at latest reported age compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment

Death or cerebral palsy · preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in mortality or cerebral palsy at latest reported age compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

VIDEO GAMES (COMMERCIAL NON‐EXERGAMES) (plus standard care) vs COGNITIVE REMEDIATION (plus standard care)

Adverse effects*: leaving the study early ‐ did not leave · patients with schizophrenia

VIDEO GAMES (COMMERCIAL NON‐EXERGAMES) (plus standard care) showed no clear difference in adverse effects*: leaving the study early ‐ did not leave ‐ by end… compared with COGNITIVE REMEDIATION (plus standard care) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY + MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING vs usual care

Lost to treatment · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse

Cognitive behavioural therapy + motivational interviewing showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: Lost to treatment compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review