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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Every word you type has to appear somewhere in the question, and the closest matches are ranked first.
75,239 questions in 5,342 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 20.2%Ungraded 10,323 · 13.7%Very low 17,528 · 23.3%Low 17,951 · 23.9%Moderate 11,190 · 14.9%High 3,034 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Adenovirus‐thymidine kinase with ganciclovir (ADV‐TK/GCV) plus liver transplantation vs liver transplantation Proportion of people with ≥ 1 serious adverse events during treatment · participants with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma Gene therapy for people with hepatocellular carcinoma (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adenovirus‐thymidine kinase with ganciclovir (ADV‐TK/GCV) plus liver transplantation vs liver transplantation Health‐related quality of life · participants with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma Gene therapy for people with hepatocellular carcinoma (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adenovirus‐thymidine kinase with ganciclovir (ADV‐TK/GCV) plus liver transplantation vs liver transplantation Proportion of people with disease progression · participants with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma Gene therapy for people with hepatocellular carcinoma (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs no block Mean difference in postoperative pain intensity at rest 24 hours postoperatively (VAS 0 to 10) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 17 studies · 958 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs serratus anterior plane block Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.06, 15.59] | 2 studies · 110 participants | Low |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs pectoralis plane block Mean difference in postoperative pain intensity at rest 24 hours postoperatively (VAS 0 to 10) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 98 participants | Low |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs pectoralis plane block Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 47 participants | Ungraded |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs quadratus lumborum block Mean difference in postoperative pain intensity at rest 24 hours postoperatively (VAS 0 to 10) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Ungraded |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs quadratus lumborum block Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Ungraded |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs intercostal nerve block Mean difference in postoperative pain intensity at rest 24 hours postoperatively (VAS 0 to 10) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 131 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs intercostal nerve block Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | RR 0.09 [0.04, 2.28] | 3 studies · 181 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs epidural analgesia Mean difference in postoperative pain intensity at rest 24 hours postoperatively (VAS 0 to 10) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 81 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs epidural analgesia Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 50 participants | Ungraded |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs no block Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.4, 2.49] | 18 studies · 1045 participants | Low |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs placebo block Mean difference in postoperative pain intensity at rest 24 hours postoperatively (VAS 0 to 10) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 499 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs placebo block Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.29, 3.41] | 10 studies · 592 participants | Low |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs paravertebral block Mean difference in postoperative pain intensity at rest 24 hours postoperatively (VAS 0 to 10) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 478 participants | Low |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs paravertebral block Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | RR 0.1 [0.02, 0.55] | 7 studies · 522 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs transversus abdominis plane block Mean difference in postoperative pain intensity at rest 24 hours postoperatively (VAS 0 to 10) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 160 participants | Low |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs transversus abdominis plane block Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.15, 6.84] | 4 studies · 202 participants | Low |
Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs serratus anterior plane block Mean difference in postoperative pain intensity at rest 24 hours postoperatively (VAS 0 to 10) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Medication or nutrition fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Rate of falls · community‐dwelling older adults ≥ 65 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Number of people experiencing 1 or more fall‐related injuries Measured using questionnaire data (self‐reported) · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1422 participants | Very low |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Number of people experiencing 1 or more fall‐related fractures Measured using questionnaire data (self‐reported) · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1422 participants | Very low |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Number of people experiencing 1 or more falls resulting in hospital admission Measured using hospital records · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7179 participants | Very low |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Adverse events · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Cost‐effectiveness (economic analysis) · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from non‐randomised trials Rate of falls Measured using questionnaire data (self‐reported) or hospital records · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4197 participants | Very low |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from non‐randomised trials Number of fallers Measured using questionnaire data (self‐reported) · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3047 participants | Very low |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from non‐randomised trials Number of people experiencing 1 or more fall‐related injuries Measured using healthcare centre records · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 67300 participants | Very low |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from non‐randomised trials Number of people experiencing 1 or more fall‐related fractures Measured using hospital injury record system · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 24365 participants | Very low |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from non‐randomised trials Number of people experiencing 1 or more falls resulting in hospital admission Measured using hospital records · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Medication or nutrition fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Number of fallers · community‐dwelling older adults ≥ 65 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from non‐randomised trials Adverse events · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from non‐randomised trials Cost‐effectiveness (economic analysis) Measured using healthcare records · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 163683 participants | Very low |
Medication or nutrition fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Number of people experiencing 1 or more fall‐related injuries · community‐dwelling older adults ≥ 65 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Medication or nutrition fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Number of people experiencing 1 or more fall‐related fractures · community‐dwelling older adults ≥ 65 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Medication or nutrition fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Number of people experiencing 1 or more falls resulting in hospital admission Measured using Danish Hospital Registration Database · community‐dwelling older adults ≥ 65 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4542 participants | Very low |
Medication or nutrition fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Number of people who experienced 1 or more adverse events · community‐dwelling older adults ≥ 65 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Medication or nutrition fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Economic analysis · community‐dwelling older adults ≥ 65 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Rate of falls Measured using questionnaire data (self‐reported) · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1422 participants | Very low |
Multicomponent fall prevention interventions vs control: evidence from RCTs Number of fallers Measured using questionnaire data (self‐reported) · community‐dwelling older adults at least 60 years of age Population‐based interventions for preventing falls and fall‐related injuries in older people (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1422 participants | Very low |
Shared decision‐making (all components) vs control Satisfaction with the decision‐making process · women aged 40 to 75 years at average to moderate risk of breast cancer Shared decision‐making for supporting women’s decisions about breast cancer screening (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Some components of shared decision‐making, including clarification of values and preferences, vs control Knowledge of all the options · women aged 38 to 71 years at average to moderate risk of breast cancer Shared decision‐making for supporting women’s decisions about breast cancer screening (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 2114 participants | Low |
Some components of shared decision‐making, including clarification of values and preferences, vs control Adherence to the chosen option · women aged 38 to 71 years at average to moderate risk of breast cancer Shared decision‐making for supporting women’s decisions about breast cancer screening (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Some components of shared decision‐making, including clarification of values and preferences, vs control Choice of an option aligned with each woman’s values and preferences · women aged 38 to 71 years at average to moderate risk of breast cancer Shared decision‐making for supporting women’s decisions about breast cancer screening (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Some components of shared decision‐making, including clarification of values and preferences, vs control Woman's involvement · women aged 38 to 71 years at average to moderate risk of breast cancer Shared decision‐making for supporting women’s decisions about breast cancer screening (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Some components of shared decision‐making, including clarification of values and preferences, vs control Mental health outcomes · women aged 38 to 71 years at average to moderate risk of breast cancer Shared decision‐making for supporting women’s decisions about breast cancer screening (2024) · Cochrane | MD 0.54 | 2 studies · 749 participants | Low |
Studies focused only on enhanced communication, without clarification of values and preferences, vs control Satisfaction with the decision‐making process · women aged 40 to 75 years old at average to moderate risk of breast cancer Shared decision‐making for supporting women’s decisions about breast cancer screening (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Studies focused only on enhanced communication, without clarification of values and preferences, vs control Confidence in the decision made · women aged 40 to 75 years old at average to moderate risk of breast cancer Shared decision‐making for supporting women’s decisions about breast cancer screening (2024) · Cochrane | MD 2.89 | 2 studies · 1191 participants | Low |