Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

364 questions · 388 findings · 28 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 15 · 3.9%GRADE not reported 20 · 5.2%Very low 133 · 34.3%Low 161 · 41.5%Moderate 58 · 14.9%High 1 · 0.3%

Psychological interventions vs usual care

Treatment‐related adverse events Anxiety: GAD‐7 (Spitzer 2006) · children, adolescents or adults with CF

Summary of findings: psychological interventions showed no clear difference in treatment‐related adverse events Anxiety: GAD‐7 (Spitzer 2006) compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions vs usual care

Treatment‐related adverse events Depression PHQ‐8 (Kroenke 2009) · children, adolescents or adults with CF

Summary of findings: psychological interventions showed no clear difference in treatment‐related adverse events Depression PHQ‐8 (Kroenke 2009) compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or PTSD only vs control intervention

Drug or alcohol use, or both following treatment completion ‐ Group‐based intervention As assessed by the ASI, TLFB or CIDI. High scores indicate greater symptom severity · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder
1 finding from 1 review

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or PTSD only vs control intervention

Treatment completers ‐ Individual‐based intervention · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or PTSD only vs control intervention

Treatment completers ‐ Group‐based intervention · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or… showed no clear difference in treatment completers ‐ Group‐based intervention compared with control intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or PTSD only vs control intervention

Severity of PTSD symptoms · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder
2 findings from 1 review

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or PTSD only vs control intervention

Drug or alcohol use, or both following treatment completion ‐ Individual‐based intervention · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review