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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,112 questions in 171 reviews · Eyes and Vision
current versionsNo studies 587 · 27.8%Ungraded 95 · 4.5%Very low 446 · 21.1%Low 557 · 26.4%Moderate 361 · 17.1%High 66 · 3.1%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Summary of findings 2: Efficacy and safety of IVT lampalizumab 6‐ to 8‐weekly (every other month) vs sham Change in BCVA from baseline at 1 year (ETDRS letters) · adults with GA due to AMD Complement inhibitors for age‐related macular degeneration (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 1184 participants | High |
Summary of findings 2: Efficacy and safety of IVT lampalizumab 6‐ to 8‐weekly (every other month) vs sham Change in untransformed GA lesion size from baseline at 1 year (mm²) · adults with GA due to AMD Complement inhibitors for age‐related macular degeneration (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 1207 participants | High |
Steroid implant vs sham procedure Proportion of participants with recurrence of uveitis · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.4 [0.3, 0.54] | 2 studies · 282 participants | Low |
Steroid implant vs standard‐of‐care therapy Mean difference in quality of life scores*** · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Steroid implant vs standard‐of‐care therapy Proportion of eyes with cataract formation or progression, or surgery · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | RR 2.71 [2.06, 3.56] | NR | Low |
Steroid implant vs standard‐of‐care therapy Proportion of eyes with elevated IOP or receiving intervention · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | RR 3.64 [2.71, 4.87] | NR | Moderate |
Steroid implant vs standard‐of‐care therapy Proportion of eyes with endophthalmitis**** · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | RR 7.3 [0.91, 58.72] | NR | Moderate |
Steroid implant vs standard‐of‐care therapy Proportion of eyes with retinal tear or detachment · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | RR 2.07 [0.51, 8.4] | NR | Moderate |
Steroid implant vs sham procedure Mean difference in BCVA (logMAR) · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 153 participants | Low |
Steroid implant vs sham procedure Mean difference in quality of life scores (NEI‐VFQ25) · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 146 participants | Moderate |
Steroid implant vs sham procedure Proportion of participants with cataract formation/progression, or surgery · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | RR 2.69 [1.17, 6.18] | 1 study · 90 participants | Low |
Steroid implant vs sham procedure Proportion of participants with elevated IOP or receiving intervention · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | RR 2.81 [1.42, 5.56] | 2 studies · 282 participants | Moderate |
Steroid implant vs sham procedure Proportion of participants with endophthalmitis · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.47 [0.1, 2.3] | 2 studies · 280 participants | Moderate |
Steroid implant vs sham procedure Proportion of participants with retinal tear or detachment · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.11 [0.21, 5.75] | 2 studies · 280 participants | Moderate |
Steroid implant vs standard‐of‐care therapy Proportion of eyes with recurrence of uveitis · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.46 [0.35, 0.6] | NR | Low |
Steroid implant vs standard‐of‐care therapy Mean difference in BCVA (logMAR) · people with chronic non‐infectious uveitis Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Device‐modified trabeculectomy vs standard trabeculectomy Postoperative mean IOP at 1 year · people with glaucoma Device‐modified trabeculectomy for glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Device‐modified trabeculectomy vs standard trabeculectomy Postoperative mean change in IOP from baseline to 1 year · people with glaucoma Device‐modified trabeculectomy for glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | MD 2 | NR | Very low |
Device‐modified trabeculectomy vs standard trabeculectomy Postoperative mean logMAR BCVA at 1 year · people with glaucoma Device‐modified trabeculectomy for glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Device‐modified trabeculectomy vs standard trabeculectomy Postoperative mean visual field change at 1 year · people with glaucoma Device‐modified trabeculectomy for glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Device‐modified trabeculectomy vs standard trabeculectomy Quality of life at 1 year · people with glaucoma Device‐modified trabeculectomy for glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Device‐modified trabeculectomy vs standard trabeculectomy Proportion of participants who were drop‐free at 1 year · people with glaucoma Device‐modified trabeculectomy for glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | RR 2.04 [0.42, 9.82] | NR | Very low |
Device‐modified trabeculectomy vs standard trabeculectomy Proportion of participants with endophthalmitis · people with glaucoma Device‐modified trabeculectomy for glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.34 [0.01, 8.29] | NR | Very low |
Laser‐assisted cataract surgery vs standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery Intraoperative complications: anterior capsule tear · people with age‐related cataract Laser‐assisted cataract surgery versus standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Laser‐assisted cataract surgery vs standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery Intraoperative complications: posterior capsule tear · people with age‐related cataract Laser‐assisted cataract surgery versus standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Laser‐assisted cataract surgery vs standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery Corrected distance visual acuity · people with age‐related cataract Laser‐assisted cataract surgery versus standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Laser‐assisted cataract surgery vs standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery Patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) at least 1 month after surgery · people with age‐related cataract Laser‐assisted cataract surgery versus standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Laser‐assisted cataract surgery vs standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery Postoperative complications: cystoid macular oedema · people with age‐related cataract Laser‐assisted cataract surgery versus standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Laser‐assisted cataract surgery vs standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery Costs and resource use: total duration of procedure · people with age‐related cataract Laser‐assisted cataract surgery versus standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Laser‐assisted cataract surgery vs standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery Postoperative endothelial cell loss · people with age‐related cataract Laser‐assisted cataract surgery versus standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Telerehabilitation vs self‐training Vision‐related patient‐reported outcome measurement at 6 months (the greater the score, the better) · people with any eye disease including optic nerve disease, age‐related macular degeneration, retinopathy of… Telerehabilitation for people with low vision (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 57 participants | Very low |
Telerehabilitation vs self‐training Clinical measures, such as reading speed or reading acuity at 6 months · people with any eye disease including optic nerve disease, age‐related macular degeneration, retinopathy of… Telerehabilitation for people with low vision (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Telerehabilitation vs self‐training Compliance at 6 months · people with any eye disease including optic nerve disease, age‐related macular degeneration, retinopathy of… Telerehabilitation for people with low vision (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Telerehabilitation vs self‐training Technical difficulties with the intervention at 6 months · people with any eye disease including optic nerve disease, age‐related macular degeneration, retinopathy of… Telerehabilitation for people with low vision (2023) · Cochrane | RR 5.17 [0.26, 103.18] | 1 study · 57 participants | Very low |
Telerehabilitation vs self‐training Device abandonment rate at 6 months · people with any eye disease including optic nerve disease, age‐related macular degeneration, retinopathy of… Telerehabilitation for people with low vision (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.52 [0.14, 1.87] | 1 study · 57 participants | Very low |
Iridotomy vs no iridotomy Proportion of progressive visual field loss at 1 year · people with primary angle‐closure suspect Iridotomy to slow progression of visual field loss in angle‐closure glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Iridotomy vs no iridotomy Mean change in IOP (mm Hg) at 1 year · people with primary angle‐closure suspect Iridotomy to slow progression of visual field loss in angle‐closure glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Iridotomy vs no iridotomy Gonioscopic findings · people with primary angle‐closure suspect Iridotomy to slow progression of visual field loss in angle‐closure glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Iridotomy vs no iridotomy Need for additional surgery: proportion of participants who received additional surgery to control IOP within 1 year*** · people with primary angle‐closure suspect Iridotomy to slow progression of visual field loss in angle‐closure glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.5 [0.05, 5.5] | NR | Low |
Iridotomy vs no iridotomy Medications: mean number of medications used to control IOP at 1 year · people with primary angle‐closure suspect Iridotomy to slow progression of visual field loss in angle‐closure glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Iridotomy vs no iridotomy Quality of life measures · people with primary angle‐closure suspect Iridotomy to slow progression of visual field loss in angle‐closure glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Iridotomy vs no iridotomy Adverse events · people with primary angle‐closure suspect Iridotomy to slow progression of visual field loss in angle‐closure glaucoma (2023) · Cochrane | RR 13.7 [0.73, 230.42] | NR | Low |
Trifocal intraocular lenses vs bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants with presbyopia Mean uncorrected distance visual acuity (LogMAR (1 year) · people (> 30 years) with cataract and presbyopia Trifocal intraocular lenses versus bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants… (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 107 participants | Low |
Trifocal intraocular lenses vs bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants with presbyopia Mean uncorrected near visual acuity (LogMAR) (1 year) · people (> 30 years) with cataract and presbyopia Trifocal intraocular lenses versus bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants… (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 107 participants | Low |
Trifocal intraocular lenses vs bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants with presbyopia Mean uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (LogMAR) (1 year) · people (> 30 years) with cataract and presbyopia Trifocal intraocular lenses versus bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants… (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 107 participants | Low |
Trifocal intraocular lenses vs bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants with presbyopia Mean best‐corrected distance acuity (LogMAR) (1 year) · people (> 30 years) with cataract and presbyopia Trifocal intraocular lenses versus bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants… (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 107 participants | Low |
Trifocal intraocular lenses vs bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants with presbyopia Mean contrast sensitivity (1 year) · people (> 30 years) with cataract and presbyopia Trifocal intraocular lenses versus bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants… (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Trifocal intraocular lenses vs bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants with presbyopia Mean quality of life or visual function (measured using Visual Function Index‐14 tool) (1 year) · people (> 30 years) with cataract and presbyopia Trifocal intraocular lenses versus bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants… (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Trifocal intraocular lenses vs bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants with presbyopia Adverse events (1 year) · people (> 30 years) with cataract and presbyopia Trifocal intraocular lenses versus bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants… (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 129 participants | Low |
Summary of findings 1: blue‐light filtering lenses vs non‐blue‐light filtering lenses Visual fatigue score, measured using a Likert scale or VAS, with · adults Blue‐light filtering spectacle lenses for visual performance, sleep, and macular health in adults (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 120 participants | Low |