What do systematic reviews say?

Metformin vs placebo or no treatment

• Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Metformin vs placebo or no treatment

• Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 227 participants
  Low

Metformin vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether metformin changes leaving the study early: for any reason compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.02 [0.25, 4.13]
  4 studies · 137 participants
  Very low

Metformin vs placebo or no treatment

• Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Metformin vs placebo or no treatment

Metformin showed no clear difference in reports of nausea compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.38 [0.28, 19.95]
  2 studies · 69 participants
  Low

H2 receptor antagonists vs placebo

• Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

H2 receptor antagonists vs placebo

• Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 248 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Continuation vs reduction of polypharmacy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Antipsychotic polypharmacy reduction versus polypharmacy continuation for people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Continuation vs reduction of polypharmacy

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Continuation changes service use – readmission to hospital – total compared with reduction of polypharmacy (very low certainty).

• Antipsychotic polypharmacy reduction versus polypharmacy continuation for people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.75 [0.25, 2.24]
  1 study · 127 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Continuation vs reduction of polypharmacy

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Continuation changes adverse effects – leaving the study early due to adverse effects –… compared with reduction of polypharmacy (very low certainty).

• Antipsychotic polypharmacy reduction versus polypharmacy continuation for people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 4.37 [0.77, 24.88]
  3 studies · 176 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Continuation vs reduction of polypharmacy

• Antipsychotic polypharmacy reduction versus polypharmacy continuation for people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 12 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Continuation vs reduction of polypharmacy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Antipsychotic polypharmacy reduction versus polypharmacy continuation for people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Continuation vs reduction of polypharmacy

Summary of findings table ‐ Continuation may leads to lower leaving the study early due to any reason – overall acceptability… compared with reduction of polypharmacy (low certainty).

• Antipsychotic polypharmacy reduction versus polypharmacy continuation for people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.44 [0.29, 0.68]
  5 studies · 319 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Continuation vs reduction of polypharmacy

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Continuation changes adverse effects: ≥ 1 adverse effect – total compared with reduction of polypharmacy (very low certainty).

• Antipsychotic polypharmacy reduction versus polypharmacy continuation for people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 5 [0.28, 88.53]
  1 study · 14 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction vs dose continuation

• Antipsychotic dose reduction compared to dose continuation for people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 719 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction vs dose continuation

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction changes service use ‐ readmission to hospital (combined time points) compared with dose continuation (very low certainty).

• Antipsychotic dose reduction compared to dose continuation for people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.53 [0.84, 2.81]
  9 studies · 1433 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction vs dose continuation

Summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction probably leads to higher adverse effect ‐ leaving the study early due to adverse effects ‐… compared with dose continuation (moderate certainty).

• Antipsychotic dose reduction compared to dose continuation for people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.2 [1.39, 3.49]
  10 studies · 1340 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction vs dose continuation

• Antipsychotic dose reduction compared to dose continuation for people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 966 participants
  High

Summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction vs dose continuation

Summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction may leads to higher global state ‐ number of participants with relapse/exacerbations of… compared with dose continuation (low certainty).

• Antipsychotic dose reduction compared to dose continuation for people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.16 [1.52, 3.06]
  20 studies · 2481 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction vs dose continuation

Summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction probably leads to higher leaving the study early ‐ for any reason ‐ overall acceptability… compared with dose continuation (moderate certainty).

• Antipsychotic dose reduction compared to dose continuation for people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.38 [1.05, 1.81]
  12 studies · 1551 participants
  Moderate