Clinical symptoms ‐ alcohol use (1 to 6 months post intervention) · adult patients with substance dependence
It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes clinical symptoms ‐ alcohol use (< 1 month post intervention) compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical symptoms ‐ drug use (< 1 month post intervention) ‐ heroin · adult patients with substance dependence
It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes clinical symptoms ‐ drug use (< 1 month post intervention) ‐ heroin compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life (< 1 month post intervention) ‐ social functioning · adult patients with substance dependence
1 finding from 1 review
Functional impairment · adult patients with substance dependence
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Service utilisation · adult patients with substance dependence
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events · adult patients with substance dependence
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse effects of interventions · Residents of nursing homes and other long-term care facilities
1 finding from 1 review
Measured in only 1 study (834 participants), which reported no serious events and 64 non-serious events, the most common of which were oral cavity disturbances (not defined) and dental staining.
1 study · 834 participants
GRADE not reported
Adherence to recommended clinical practice (0‐3 months · general patient population, "at risk" patient population and patient population with a specific condition or disease
Patient education interventions probably leads to higher adherence to recommended clinical practice (0‐3 months compared with comparisons to improve professional performance (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Desirable patient health outcomes (0‐3 months · general patient population, "at risk" patient population and patient population with a specific condition or disease
Patient education interventions showed no clear difference in desirable patient health outcomes (0‐3 months compared with comparisons to improve professional performance (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Undesirable patient health outcomes · general patient population, "at risk" patient population and patient population with a specific condition or disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Patient satisfaction Number of satisfied patients · general patient population, "at risk" patient population and patient population with a specific condition or disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Patient satisfaction The degree of satisfaction · general patient population, "at risk" patient population and patient population with a specific condition or disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events · general patient population, "at risk" patient population and patient population with a specific condition or disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Resource use · general patient population, "at risk" patient population and patient population with a specific condition or disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Observer‐based SDM measures · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
424 participants
Very low
Shared decision making (PROM, continuous) ( · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients
2 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1906 participants
Very low
no estimate extracted
1386 participants
Very low
Shared decision making (PROM, categorical or dichotomous) ( · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
2272 participants
Very low
Decision regret · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
2 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
no estimate extracted
212 participants
Very low
Health‐related quality of life (physical) · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
2 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
no estimate extracted
116 participants
Very low
Health‐related quality of life (mental) · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
2 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
no estimate extracted
116 participants
Very low