What do systematic reviews say?

Professional interventions vs usual care

Professional interventions showed no clear difference in number of hospital admissions compared with standard/usual care (moderate certainty).

• Professional, structural and organisational interventions in primary care for reducing medication errors 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.24 [0.79, 1.96]
  3889 participants
  Moderate
• Professional, structural and organisational interventions in primary care for reducing medication errors 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.99 [0.92, 1.06]
  3661 participants
  High

Professional interventions vs usual care

Professional interventions showed no clear difference in number of emergency department visits compared with standard/usual care (low certainty).

• Professional, structural and organisational interventions in primary care for reducing medication errors 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.71 [0.5, 1.02]
  1067 participants
  Low

Professional interventions vs usual care

Professional interventions showed no clear difference in mortality compared with standard/usual care (moderate certainty).

• Professional, structural and organisational interventions in primary care for reducing medication errors 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.98 [0.82, 1.17]
  3538 participants
  Moderate

Interventions delivered by dental professionals vs control

It is very uncertain whether interventions delivered by dental professionals changes multi‐session behavioural support versus usual care, brief advice,… compared with control (very low certainty).

• Interventions for tobacco cessation delivered by dental professionals 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.9 [1.17, 3.11]
  7 studies · 2639 participants
  Very low
• Interventions for tobacco cessation delivered by dental professionals 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.86 [1.01, 3.41]
  4 studies · 6328 participants
  Very low
• Interventions for tobacco cessation delivered by dental professionals 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.76 [1.58, 4.82]
  4 studies · 1221 participants
  Moderate

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  479 participants
  Very low
• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  20 participants
  Very low

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5772 participants
  Very low
• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1459 participants
  Very low

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6303 participants
  Very low

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  326 participants
  Very low
• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  359 participants
  Low
• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  359 participants
  Low
• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  175 participants
  Very low
• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals and patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1270 participants
  Very low
• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  20 participants
  Very low

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals and patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1479 participants
  Very low
• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  150 participants
  Very low

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals and patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  266 participants
  Very low

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals and patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  369 participants
  Low
• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals and patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  75 participants
  Very low
• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals and patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  75 participants
  Very low
• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals and patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  536 participants
  Very low
• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals and patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found