Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

277 questions · 281 findings · 52 reviews · Developmental, Psychosocial and Learning Problems

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No studies found 54 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 13 · 4.6%Very low 64 · 22.8%Low 71 · 25.3%Moderate 69 · 24.6%High 10 · 3.6%

Parent‐infant psychotherapy vs other (psychoeducational) parenting intervention: parent mental health and infant attachment

Depression (lower scores mean less depression) · participants with improving parental and infant mental health

1 finding from 1 review

Parent‐infant psychotherapy for improving parental and infant mental health 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 172 participants
Very low

Parent‐infant psychotherapy vs other (psychoeducational) parenting intervention: parent mental health and infant attachment

Parent mental health meta‐analysis: depression continuous data ‐ · participants with improving parental and infant mental health

1 finding from 1 review

Parent‐infant psychotherapy for improving parental and infant mental health 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 160 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Symptom Level: Social Interaction Various measures, including: Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) Communication and Symbolic Behaviour Scale (CSBS) Early Social Communication Scales (ESCS) PDD‐BI social approach subscale Precursors of J... · People with autism spectrum disorder

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions based on the Theory of Mind cognitive model for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
17 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Language – expression (direct or independent assessment) PLS‐IV, MSEL1 · children aged 1 year to 6 years 11 months with diagnosis of ASD

1 finding from 1 review

Parent‐mediated early intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 264 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Language – Comprehension (direct or independent assessment) PLS, MSEL1 · children aged 1 year to 6 years 11 months with diagnosis of ASD

1 finding from 1 review

Parent‐mediated early intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 200 participants
Low

Manipulative therapy vs control condition

Presence/absence of colic Global impression of change scale completed by parents · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria

Manipulative therapy showed no clear difference in presence/absence of colic Global impression of change scale… compared with control condition (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Manipulative therapies for infantile colic 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 11.12 [0.46, 267.52]
3 studies · 185 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Social Communication Comprehensive Assessment of Spoken Language · People aged 6 to 21 with ASD

1 finding from 1 review

Social skills groups for people aged 6 to 21 with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 34 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Child Depression Beck Depression Index · People aged 6 to 21 with ASD

1 finding from 1 review

Social skills groups for people aged 6 to 21 with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 18 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal Depression Beck Depression Index · People aged 6 to 21 with ASD

1 finding from 1 review

Social skills groups for people aged 6 to 21 with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 18 participants
Low

IPV(3)‐OPV vs IPV(2)‐OPV

Paralytic polio · preventing poliomyelitis

1 finding from 1 review

Sequential inactivated (IPV) and live oral (OPV) poliovirus vaccines for preventing poliomyelitis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

IPV(3)‐OPV vs IPV(2)‐OPV

Vaccine‐associated paralytic polio (VAPP) cases (Range of · preventing poliomyelitis

1 finding from 1 review

Sequential inactivated (IPV) and live oral (OPV) poliovirus vaccines for preventing poliomyelitis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

IPV(3)‐OPV vs IPV(2)‐OPV

Persons with protective humoral response (Range of · preventing poliomyelitis

IPV(3)‐OPV showed no clear difference in persons with protective humoral response ( compared with IPV(2)‐OPV (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sequential inactivated (IPV) and live oral (OPV) poliovirus vaccines for preventing poliomyelitis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.93, 1.03]
1 study · 137 participants
Moderate

IPV(3)‐OPV vs IPV(2)‐OPV

Neutralising antibodies · preventing poliomyelitis

1 finding from 1 review

Sequential inactivated (IPV) and live oral (OPV) poliovirus vaccines for preventing poliomyelitis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

IPV(3)‐OPV vs IPV(2)‐OPV

Persons with faecal excretion after OPV challenge · preventing poliomyelitis

1 finding from 1 review

Sequential inactivated (IPV) and live oral (OPV) poliovirus vaccines for preventing poliomyelitis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

IPV(3)‐OPV vs IPV(2)‐OPV

Vaccination coverage · preventing poliomyelitis

1 finding from 1 review

Sequential inactivated (IPV) and live oral (OPV) poliovirus vaccines for preventing poliomyelitis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

IPV(3)‐OPV vs IPV(2)‐OPV

Serious adverse events · preventing poliomyelitis

1 finding from 1 review

Sequential inactivated (IPV) and live oral (OPV) poliovirus vaccines for preventing poliomyelitis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Home (point‐of‐use) fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders vs placebo or no intervention

Anaemia · preschool and school‐age children

Point‐of‐use fortification of foods with micronutrients powders (MNP) probably leads to lower anaemia (defined as haemoglobin < 110 g/L for children aged 24‐59… compared with no intervention or placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Point‐of‐use fortification of foods with micronutrient powders containing iron in children of preschool and school‐age 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.66 [0.49, 0.88]
10 studies · 2448 participants
Moderate

Home (point‐of‐use) fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders vs placebo or no intervention

Haemoglobin (g/dL) · preschool and school‐age children

1 finding from 1 review

Point‐of‐use fortification of foods with micronutrient powders containing iron in children of preschool and school‐age 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 2746 participants
Low

Home (point‐of‐use) fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders vs placebo or no intervention

Iron deficiency (using ferritin concentrations) · preschool and school‐age children

Point‐of‐use fortification of foods with micronutrients powders (MNP) probably leads to lower iron deficiency (defined by using ferritin concentrations less than… compared with no intervention or placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Point‐of‐use fortification of foods with micronutrient powders containing iron in children of preschool and school‐age 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.35 [0.27, 0.47]
5 studies · 1364 participants
Moderate

Home (point‐of‐use) fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders vs placebo or no intervention

Ferritin (µg/L) · preschool and school‐age children

1 finding from 1 review

Point‐of‐use fortification of foods with micronutrient powders containing iron in children of preschool and school‐age 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 1066 participants
Very low