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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

111 questions · 116 findings · 35 reviews · Neonatal

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No studies found 17 · 14.7%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 32 · 27.6%Low 29 · 25%Moderate 26 · 22.4%High 12 · 10.3%

Modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract vs porcine minced lung surfactant extract

Oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age · Preterm infants for treatment of RDS

Modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract showed no clear difference in oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with porcine minced lung surfactant extract (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract vs porcine minced lung surfactant extract

Death or oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age · Preterm infants for treatment of RDS

Modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract probably leads to higher death or oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with porcine minced lung surfactant extract (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bovine lung lavage surfactant extract vs modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract

Death or oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age · Preterm infants for prevention of RDS

Bovine lung lavage surfactant extract showed no clear difference in death or oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bovine lung lavage surfactant extract vs modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract

Oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age · Preterm infants for treatment of RDS

Bovine lung lavage surfactant extract showed no clear difference in oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (all infants) compared with modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower vs higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations during resuscitation of preterm infants at birth

Mortality, near term corrected age or discharge · preterm infants

Lower showed no clear difference in mortality, near term corrected age or discharge compared with higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower vs higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations during resuscitation of preterm infants at birth

Neurodevelopmental disability · preterm infants

Lower showed no clear difference in neurodevelopmental disability compared with higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower vs higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations during resuscitation of preterm infants at birth

Intubation in the delivery room · preterm infants

Lower showed no clear difference in intubation in the delivery room compared with higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower vs higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations during resuscitation of preterm infants at birth

Severe (defined as stage 3 or greater) retinopathy of prematurity ‐ not reported · preterm infants

Lower showed no clear difference in severe retinopathy of prematurity (≥ stage 3) compared with higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower vs higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations during resuscitation of preterm infants at birth

Severe intraventricular haemorrhage · preterm infants

Lower showed no clear difference in severe intraventricular haemorrhage (grade 3 or 4) compared with higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower vs higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations during resuscitation of preterm infants at birth

Necrotising enterocolitis · preterm infants

Lower showed no clear difference in necrotising enterocolitis compared with higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower vs higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations during resuscitation of preterm infants at birth

Chronic lung disease · preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether lower changes chronic lung disease (36 weeks' corrected age) compared with higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs supplemental oxygen

Treatment failure (death or use of additional ventilatory support) · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support

It is very uncertain whether CPAP changes treatment failure (death or use of additional ventilatory support) compared with supplemental oxygen (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive ventilation vs supplemental oxygen or no treatment

Need for mechanical ventilation · patients with the management of transient tachypnea of the newborn

It is very uncertain whether non‐invasive respiratory support changes need for mechanical ventilation compared with supplemental oxygen or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive ventilation vs supplemental oxygen or no treatment

All‐cause mortality · patients with the management of transient tachypnea of the newborn

It is very uncertain whether non‐invasive respiratory support changes all‐cause mortality compared with supplemental oxygen or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review