Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

360 questions · 370 findings · 102 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 48 · 13%GRADE not reported 12 · 3.2%Very low 76 · 20.5%Low 121 · 32.7%Moderate 84 · 22.7%High 29 · 7.8%

Summary of findings table ‐ Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) vs usual care

All‐cause mortality at 6 months (subgroup) · severe cardiorespiratory failure and cardiac arrest

Summary of findings table ‐ Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality: ECPR subgroup compared with conventional care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) vs usual care

Major hemorrhage · severe cardiorespiratory failure and cardiac arrest

Summary of findings table ‐ Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) probably leads to higher major hemorrhage: all available studies compared with conventional care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) vs usual care

Neurologic injury: all available studies · severe cardiorespiratory failure and cardiac arrest

Summary of findings table ‐ Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) showed no clear difference in neurologic injury: all available studies compared with conventional care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Mean maternal arterial oxygen tension (mm Hg) (PaO2) · low‐risk term pregnant women undergoing elective caesarean section under regional anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Mean maternal oxygen saturation (%) · low‐risk term pregnant women undergoing elective caesarean section under regional anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Mean oxygen tension (mm Hg) in umbilical artery (UaPO2) · low‐risk term pregnant women undergoing elective caesarean section under regional anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Mean oxygen tension (mm Hg) in umbilical vein (UvPO2) · low‐risk term pregnant women undergoing elective caesarean section under regional anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review

Nasal prongs vs nasopharyngeal catheter

Treatment failure Failure to achieve adequate oxygenation (SaO2 greater than 60 mmHg) · children with acute lower respiratory tract infections

It is very uncertain whether nasal prongs changes treatment failure Failure to achieve adequate oxygenation (SaO2) compared with nasopharyngeal catheter (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mask vs nasopharyngeal catheter

Treatment failure Failure to achieve adequate oxygenation (SaO2 greater than 60 mmHg) · children with severe acute LRTIs

Face mask may leads to lower treatment failure Failure to achieve adequate oxygenation (SaO2… compared with nasopharyngeal catheter (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Head box vs nasopharyngeal catheter

Treatment failure Failure to achieve adequate oxygenation (SaO2 greater than 60 mmHg) · children with severe acute LRTIs

It is very uncertain whether head box changes treatment failure Failure to achieve adequate oxygenation (SaO2… compared with nasopharyngeal catheter (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review