Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,271 questions · 1,326 findings · 329 reviews

No studies found 247 · 18.6%GRADE not reported 237 · 17.9%Very low 379 · 28.6%Low 285 · 21.5%Moderate 141 · 10.6%High 37 · 2.8%

Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake

Mortality Mortality at latest · preterm or low birth weight infants

It is very uncertain whether late (seven days or more following birth) higher changes mortality (latest time reported up to hospital discharge) compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

High-frequency sugar consumption (three or more times daily) vs Low sugar intake (fewer than three times daily)

Early childhood caries experience (mean dmft) · Nigerian children with primary dentition (approximately 6 months to 5 years)

In primary dentition, high-frequency sugar consumption was associated with slightly higher, non-significant odds of caries (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.23 to 5.44), with high heterogeneity (I2=83%; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

High-frequency sugar consumption (three or more times daily) vs Low sugar intake (fewer than three times daily)

Dental caries in permanent teeth · Nigerian individuals with permanent dentition (approximately 12 years and older)

In permanent dentition, high-frequency sugar consumption was associated with non-significant 15% higher odds of caries (OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.52), with no heterogeneity (I2=0%; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

High-frequency sugar consumption (three or more times daily) vs Low sugar intake (fewer than three times daily)

Dental caries prevalence · Nigerian individuals, including children and adults, with primary or permanent dentition

High-frequency sugar consumption was associated with 18% higher but non-significant odds of dental caries in Nigeria (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.59; I2=36%; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Two or more foetal haemoglobin inducers at any dose or duration vs a usual management protocol, placebo or a single foetal haemoglobin inducer

Frequency of transfusion (transfused volume/year) · people with non‐transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassaemia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Two or more foetal haemoglobin inducers at any dose or duration vs a usual management protocol, placebo or a single foetal haemoglobin inducer

Transfusion‐free interval (days) · people with non‐transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassaemia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review