Visual inspection scores · Patients with early caries lesions in permanent teeth (non-fluoridated water area)
Two trials reported visual inspection scores but could not be pooled (different criteria, missing standard deviations) and gave inconsistent findings, so no quantitative conclusion could be drawn.
1 finding from 1 review
Laser fluorescence (LF) change · Patients with early caries lesions in permanent teeth (non-fluoridated water area)
For occlusal early caries lesions, adding CPP-ACP to fluorides produced significantly greater laser-fluorescence improvement than fluorides alone (favors the combination); not GRADE-rated.
2 findings from 1 review
Total lesion area divided by total surface area (visual) · Patients with early caries lesions in permanent teeth (non-fluoridated water area)
Adding CPP-ACP to fluorides did not significantly change the lesion-area outcome for smooth-surface early caries lesions versus fluorides alone; not GRADE-rated.
1 finding from 1 review
MMP-2 expression/activity · Human ex vivo carious dentin (head/neck radiotherapy)
MMP-2 showed no difference between irradiated and non-irradiated carious dentin (one study; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
No significant difference in MMP-2 (gelatinase) expression or activity between irradiated and non-irradiated groups (Gomes-Silva et al., 2017a); GRADE not separately applied to this comparison.
1 study · 36 participants
GRADE not reported
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic lesions, active caries…
Self-assembling peptide P11-4 significantly improved remineralization versus control (SMD -0.56, 95% CI -0.96 to -0.15); certainty of evidence not assessed (no GRADE).
1 finding from 1 review
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic lesions, active caries…
Resin infiltration significantly improved remineralization versus control (SMD -0.94, 95% CI -1.46 to -0.43), ranking second of seven therapies by SUCRA (88.7%); certainty of evidence not assessed (no GRADE).
1 finding from 1 review
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic lesions, active caries…
Combined self-assembling peptide P11-4 plus fluoride varnish significantly improved white spot lesion remineralization versus control (SMD -0.96, 95% CI -1.44 to -0.48) and ranked highest of seven therapies by SUCRA (89.7%); certainty of evidence not assessed (no GRADE).
1 finding from 1 review
MMP-9 expression/activity · Human ex vivo carious dentin (head/neck radiotherapy)
MMP-9 showed no increase in irradiated vs non-irradiated carious dentin (one study; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic lesions, active caries…
Fluoride varnish (gold standard) did not differ significantly from control (SMD -0.25, 95% CI -0.51 to 0.02); certainty of evidence not assessed (no GRADE).
1 finding from 1 review
MMP-20 expression · Human ex vivo carious dentin (head/neck radiotherapy)
MMP-20 shows no difference between irradiated and non-irradiated carious dentin; the evidence is very uncertain (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
There is no difference about the MMP-20 expression in irradiated vs. non-irradiated carious dentin, but the evidence is very uncertain (Gomes-Silva et al., 2017b).
1 study · 36 participants
Very low
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic lesions, active caries…
CPP-ACP did not differ significantly from control (SMD -0.18, 95% CI -0.49 to 0.14); certainty of evidence not assessed (no GRADE).
1 finding from 1 review
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic lesions, active caries…
CPP-ACFP versus control gave SMD -0.42 (95% CI -0.84 to 0.00); the review classed CPP-ACFP as statistically significant versus control although the reported CI upper limit is at the null (0.00); certainty of evidence not assessed (no GRADE).
1 finding from 1 review
Restoration failure · Children with carious primary teeth after vital or non-vital pulp therapy
In one RCT, selective caries removal had a 3.44 higher probability of failure than complete caries removal.
1 finding from 1 review
Restoration failure · Children with carious primary teeth after vital or non-vital pulp therapy
In one RCT, composite strip crowns with composite posts had an annual failure rate of 2.3% after 1 year.
1 finding from 1 review
Treatment failure (annual failure rate) · Children with carious primary molars treated by pulpotomy (vital pulp therapy)
Compomer restorations had an annual failure rate of 8.9% in primary molars after pulpotomy, higher than composite resin in the same trial (single high-risk-of-bias RCT; low quality of evidence; not GRADE-rated).
2 findings from 1 review
Restoration failure · Children with carious primary teeth after vital or non-vital pulp therapy
In one RCT, composite resin had an annual failure rate of 0% after 2 years.
1 finding from 1 review
Treatment failure (annual failure rate) · Children with severely decayed maxillary primary incisors treated by pulpectomy (non-vital pulp therapy)
Composite strip crowns with composite posts had a low annual failure rate (2.3%) in maxillary primary incisors after pulpectomy (single high-risk-of-bias RCT; low quality of evidence; not GRADE-rated).
3 findings from 1 review
AFR 2.3
1 study · 54 participants
GRADE not reported
AFR 2.2
1 study · 54 participants
GRADE not reported
AFR 0
1 study · 54 participants
GRADE not reported
Restoration failure · Children with carious primary teeth after vital or non-vital pulp therapy
In one RCT, preformed metal crowns had an annual failure rate of 2.5% after 2 years.
1 finding from 1 review
Treatment failure (annual failure rate) · Children with carious primary molars treated by pulpotomy (vital pulp therapy)
Preformed metal crowns had a low annual failure rate (2.5%) in primary molars after pulpotomy, but the evidence is of low quality (single high-risk-of-bias split-mouth RCT; not GRADE-rated).
2 findings from 1 review
Treatment failure (planned; no eligible studies) · Children with carious primary teeth after vital or non-vital pulp therapy
No eligible studies were found evaluating bio-active restorative materials for restoring carious primary teeth after pulp therapy.
1 finding from 1 review