Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

149 questions · 157 findings · 43 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 4 · 2.5%GRADE not reported 6 · 3.8%Very low 10 · 6.4%Low 71 · 45.2%Moderate 48 · 30.6%High 18 · 11.5%

CBT vs usual care

Asthma control · adults and adolescents with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for adults and adolescents with asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 95 participants
Low

CBT vs usual care

Unscheduled healthcare utilisation ‐ number of hospital or GP/ED visits · adults and adolescents with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for adults and adolescents with asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 80 participants
Low

CBT vs usual care

Anxiety · adults and adolescents with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for adults and adolescents with asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 225 participants
Low

CBT vs usual care

Depression at endpoint · adults and adolescents with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for adults and adolescents with asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 112 participants
Low

CBT vs usual care

Adherence · adults and adolescents with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for adults and adolescents with asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 23 participants
Low

Rehabilitation interventions vs usual care

Change in SGRQ total score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
19 studies · 1146 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Health‐related quality of life (disease‐specific) Scale from 0 to 100; lower score indicates better HRQoL. SGRQ total score consists of weighted scores from 3 domains · individuals with stable bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Airway clearance techniques for bronchiectasis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Respiratory symptoms (symptoms) Breathlessness, Cough and Sputum Scale Scale from 0 to 12. Lower score indicates fewer symptoms · individuals with stable bronchiectasis

The intervention showed no clear difference in respiratory symptoms (symptoms) Breathlessness, Cough and Sputum… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Airway clearance techniques for bronchiectasis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 30 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ Inhaled mannitol vs placebo

SGRQ Total SGRQ (Total) Score. Scale from: 0 to 100. Lower score indicates better quality of life. · people with bronchiectasis

Inhaled mannitol showed no clear difference in health‐related quality of life measured on the SGRQ Scale from 0 to… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled hyperosmolar agents for bronchiectasis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 840 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Change in SD scores over 12 months (height) (low change is better) · children with persistent asthma

The intervention showed no clear difference in change in SD scores over 12 months (height) (low change is better) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids in children with persistent asthma: dose‐response effects on growth 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 0.08
3 studies · 328 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

TDI Total scores range from ‐ 9 to +9. The lower the score, the greater the deterioration in severity of dyspnoea, MCID ≥ 1 · 18 to 80 years of age with bronchiectasis

The intervention may leads to higher TDI Total scores range from ‐ 9 to +9. The lower the score, the… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combination inhaled corticosteroids and long‐acting beta₂‐agonists for children and adults with bronchiectasis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 1.29 [0.4, 2.18]
1 study · 40 participants
Low

Inactivated influenza vaccine vs placebo

Asthma exacerbation (adverse effects) caused by inactivated influenza vaccine, measured in the first 2 weeks following vaccination ‐ children (over 3 years of age) given inactivated influenza vaccine · people with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Vaccines for preventing influenza in people with asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 712 participants
Moderate

Inactivated influenza vaccine vs placebo

Asthma exacerbation (adverse effects) caused by inactivated influenza vaccine, measured in the first 2 weeks following vaccination ‐ adults given inactivated influenza vaccine · people with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Vaccines for preventing influenza in people with asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1526 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings (water exercise vs no exercise

Quality of life St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Water‐based exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
19 participants
Low

Summary of findings (water exercise vs land exercise)

QoL · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Water‐based exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
60 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Asthma symptoms Different scales in different studies (lower scores mean fewer symptoms) · children and adolescents aged 18 years and under studies with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Swimming training for asthma in children and adolescents aged 18 years and under 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 58 participants
Low

Long‐acting beta2‐agonists vs placebo

Quality of life St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Long‐acting beta2‐agonists showed no clear difference in quality of life1 St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ); lower… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Long‐acting beta₂‐agonists for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
17 studies · 11397 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

SGRQ Total SGRQ (Total) Score. Scale from: 0 to 100. Lower score indicates better quality of life. · patients with COPD

1 finding from 1 review

Home care by outreach nursing for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 587 participants
Low

Pursed lip breathing vs no breathing exercises

Dyspnoea during exercise Modified Borg dyspnoea score at end of 6‐minute walk test Scores range from 0 to 10, with lower scores indicating less shortness of breath · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 19 participants
Low

Pursed lip breathing vs expiratory muscle training

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 17 participants
Low