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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

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Intervention or exposure

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Review versions

2,395 questions in 172 reviews · Gut

current versions

No studies 420 · 17.5%Ungraded 60 · 2.5%Very low 821 · 34.3%Low 602 · 25.1%Moderate 397 · 16.6%High 95 · 4%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Early routine ERCP strategy vs early conservative management with or without delayed or selective ERCP strategy All‐cause mortality, ITT analysis · patients with unselected patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis Early routine endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography strategy versus early conservative management… (2012) · Cochrane	RR 0.74 [0.18, 3.03]	5 studies · 644 participants	Low
Early routine ERCP strategy vs early conservative management with or without delayed or selective ERCP strategy Local complications defined by the Atlanta Classification (necrosis, abscess, pseudocyst) · patients with unselected patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis Early routine endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography strategy versus early conservative management… (2012) · Cochrane	RR 0.86 [0.52, 1.43]	4 studies · 517 participants	Moderate
Early routine ERCP strategy vs early conservative management with or without delayed or selective ERCP strategy Systemic complications defined by the Atlanta Classification (organ failure including shock, pulmonary insufficiency, renal failure, and gastrointestinal bleeding; disseminated intravascular coagulation or severe metabolic disturbances) · patients with unselected patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis Early routine endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography strategy versus early conservative management… (2012) · Cochrane	RR 0.59 [0.31, 1.11]	4 studies · 406 participants	Moderate
Oral ondansetron (weight based) vs placebo Rate of admission during ED stay · patients with vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis with mild to moderate dehydration Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents (2011) · Cochrane	RR 0.4 [0.19, 0.83]	3 studies · 465 participants	Moderate
Oral ondansetron (weight based) vs placebo Adverse events · patients with vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis with mild to moderate dehydration Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 465 participants	Ungraded
Oral ondansetron (weight based) vs placebo Rate of admission 72 hrs · patients with vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis with mild to moderate dehydration Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents (2011) · Cochrane	RR 0.6 [0.34, 1.04]	3 studies · 461 participants	Low
Oral ondansetron (weight based) vs placebo Rate of admission in 72 hrs · patients with vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis with mild to moderate dehydration Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents (2011) · Cochrane	RR 0.73 [0.43, 1.22]	3 studies · 461 participants	Low
Oral ondansetron (weight based) vs placebo Time to cessation of vomiting · patients with vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis with mild to moderate dehydration Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Oral ondansetron (weight based) vs placebo Rate of intravenous rehydration during ED stay · patients with vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis with mild to moderate dehydration Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents (2011) · Cochrane	RR 0.41 [0.29, 0.59]	3 studies · 465 participants	Moderate
Oral ondansetron (weight based) vs placebo Rate of intravenous rehydration up to 72 hrs following discharge from ED (best ‐ worst scenario) · patients with vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis with mild to moderate dehydration Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents (2011) · Cochrane	RR 0.52 [0.1, 0.38]	3 studies · 461 participants	Low
Oral ondansetron (weight based) vs placebo Rate of intravenous rehydration up to 72 hrs following discharge from ED (worst ‐ best scenario) · patients with vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis with mild to moderate dehydration Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents (2011) · Cochrane	RR 0.57 [0.42, 0.76]	3 studies · 461 participants	Low
Oral ondansetron (weight based) vs placebo Proportion of patients with cessation of vomiting · patients with vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis with mild to moderate dehydration Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents (2011) · Cochrane	RR 1.33 [1.19, 1.49]	3 studies · 465 participants	Moderate
Oral ondansetron (weight based) vs placebo Revisit rate · patients with vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis with mild to moderate dehydration Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents (2011) · Cochrane	RR 1.09 [0.66, 1.79]	3 studies · 460 participants	Low
Intervention NR Quality of life (3 to 8 months) · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 173 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Depression and anxiety at 3 to 8 months ‐ Anxiety · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 31 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Quality of life (3 to 8 months) · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	7 studies · 596 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Quality of life (9 to 18 months) · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	5 studies · 947 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Depression (3 to 8 months) · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 430 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Depression (9 to 18 months) · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 378 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Not in remission at/during month 3 to 8 · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	OR 1.35 [0.73, 2.48]	3 studies · 221 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Not in remission at/during month 9 to 18 · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	OR 1 [0.65, 1.53]	3 studies · 434 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Quality of life (9 to 18 months) · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 235 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Depression (3 to 8 months) · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 219 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Depression (9 to 18 months) · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 266 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Not in remission at/during month 3 to 8 · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	OR 1.25 [0.58, 2.71]	3 studies · 182 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Not in remission at/during month 9 to 18 · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	OR 0.85 [0.48, 1.48]	5 studies · 287 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Quality of life and coping at 3 to 8 months ‐ Quality of life · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 71 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Quality of life and coping at 3 to 8 months ‐ Coping · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 69 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Depression and anxiety at 3 to 8 months ‐ Depression · patients with treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Psychological interventions for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2011) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 41 participants	Very low
GM‐CSF vs placebo Induction of clinical remission (CDAI < or = 150) · patients with induction of remission in Crohn's disease Sargramostim (GM‐CSF) for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2011) · Cochrane	RR 1.67 [0.8, 3.5]	3 studies · 537 participants	Low
GM‐CSF vs placebo Induction of 100‐point clinical response · patients with induction of remission in Crohn's disease Sargramostim (GM‐CSF) for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2011) · Cochrane	RR 1.71 [0.98, 2.97]	3 studies · 537 participants	Low
GM‐CSF vs placebo Induction of 70‐point clinical response · patients with induction of remission in Crohn's disease Sargramostim (GM‐CSF) for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2011) · Cochrane	RR 1.23 [0.83, 1.82]	1 study · 124 participants	Low
GM‐CSF vs placebo Adverse events · patients with induction of remission in Crohn's disease Sargramostim (GM‐CSF) for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2011) · Cochrane	RR 1.06 [0.99, 1.15]	2 studies · 251 participants	Moderate
GM‐CSF vs placebo Serious adverse events · patients with induction of remission in Crohn's disease Sargramostim (GM‐CSF) for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2011) · Cochrane	RR 2.17 [0.82, 5.7]	2 studies · 251 participants	Moderate
Enteral vs parenteral nutrition Mortality · patients with acute pancreatitis Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis (2010) · Cochrane	RR 0.5 [0.28, 0.91]	8 studies · 348 participants	Low
Enteral vs parenteral nutrition Length of hospital stay · patients with acute pancreatitis Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis (2010) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 145 participants	Low
Enteral vs parenteral nutrition Multiple Organ Failure(MOF) · patients with acute pancreatitis Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis (2010) · Cochrane	RR 0.55 [0.37, 0.81]	6 studies · 278 participants	Moderate
Enteral vs parenteral nutrition Operative Intervention · patients with acute pancreatitis Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis (2010) · Cochrane	RR 0.46 [0.26, 0.82]	7 studies · 316 participants	Moderate
Enteral vs parenteral nutrition Systemic infection · patients with acute pancreatitis Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis (2010) · Cochrane	RR 0.39 [0.23, 0.65]	7 studies · 259 participants	Moderate
Enteral vs parenteral nutrition Local septic complications · patients with acute pancreatitis Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis (2010) · Cochrane	RR 0.74 [0.4, 1.35]	5 studies · 246 participants	Moderate
IL‐10 vs placebo Complete remission (CDAI<150 with a decrease in CDAI of at least 100 points from baseline) · patients with induction of remission in Crohn's disease Recombinant human interleukin 10 for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2010) · Cochrane	RR 1.43 [0.62, 3.29]	3 studies · 470 participants	Moderate
IL‐10 vs placebo Clinical remision (CDAI<150) · patients with induction of remission in Crohn's disease Recombinant human interleukin 10 for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2010) · Cochrane	RR 1.29 [0.79, 2.11]	3 studies · 470 participants	Moderate
IL‐10 vs placebo Withdrawls due to adverse events · patients with induction of remission in Crohn's disease Recombinant human interleukin 10 for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2010) · Cochrane	RR 13.5 [3.89, 46.79]	2 studies · 228 participants	Moderate
Red blood cell transfusion vs no red blood cell transfusion Death · Patients presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage Red cell transfusion for the management of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2010) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 77 participants	Low
Red blood cell transfusion vs no red blood cell transfusion Adverse effects/complications · Patients presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage Red cell transfusion for the management of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2010) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies