Oral cytology (e.g. OralCDx brush biopsy, CytID) vs Reference standard: examination and clinical evaluation by a physician/clinician with specialist knowledge or training (long-term follow-up accepted for those screened negative)
Outcome not reported · Apparently healthy adults not reporting symptoms of OPMD or OSCC, attending an organised screening or surveillance programme, or screened…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Frequency of leg cramps after treatment: never · treating leg cramps in pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether oral calcium changes frequency of leg cramps after treatment: never compared with no treatment (very low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Probing pocket depth · Children or adults (fit and healthy, or with a well-defined medical condition)
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries · Children or adults (fit and healthy, or with a well-defined medical condition)
It is very uncertain whether any form of one-to-one oral hygiene advice (OHA) changes dental caries compared with no OHA (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SoF: 1 study in adults reported only 'small and statistically insignificant changes' but no usable data; the other study on infants provided evidence of a benefit for OHA at 8 and 12 months but not at 4 months.…
2 studies · 244 participants
Very low
Gingivitis · Children or adults (fit and healthy, or with a well-defined medical condition)
It is very uncertain whether any form of one-to-one oral hygiene advice (OHA) changes periodontal health: gingivitis compared with no OHA (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SoF: 1 small study in adults had contradictory results at 3 and 6 months; the other study in adults showed evidence of a benefit for OHA at all time points (12, 24, 36 months). Results: Hetland 1982 MD 0.25 (0.05 to…
2 studies · 235 participants
Very low
Patient-reported changes in knowledge, attitudes and quality of life · Children or adults (fit and healthy, or with a well-defined medical condition)
1 finding from 1 review
Hoogstraten 1983 (dental knowledge, attitude, behaviour, fear of dental treatment) and Memarpour 2016 (parents' knowledge and performance regarding oral health); measured, not synthesised or GRADE-rated.
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Adverse events · Children or adults (fit and healthy, or with a well-defined medical condition)
1 finding from 1 review
Plaque · Children or adults (fit and healthy, or with a well-defined medical condition)
Any form of one-to-one oral hygiene advice (OHA) showed no clear difference in periodontal health: plaque levels compared with no OHA (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SoF: Both studies at all time points consistently showed a benefit in plaque reduction for OHA. Results: Hetland 1982 MD -0.41 (-0.54 to -0.28) at 3mo, -0.44 (-0.56 to -0.32) at 6mo; Hugoson 2007 MD -13.00 (-19.89 to…
2 studies · 235 participants
Low
Definite necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) during study period · preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm and low birth weight neonates
Summary of findings table for oral immunoglobulin showed no clear difference in definite necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) during study period compared with control (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Definite necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) during study period ‐ IgA/IgG · preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm and low birth weight neonates
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table for oral immunoglobulin changes definite necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) during study period ‐ IgA/IgG compared with control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Definite necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) during study period ‐ IgG · preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm and low birth weight neonates
Summary of findings table for oral immunoglobulin showed no clear difference in definite necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) during study period ‐ IgG compared with control (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Definite NEC after study period · preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm and low birth weight neonates
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table for oral immunoglobulin changes definite NEC after study period compared with control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
NEC‐related surgery during study period · preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm and low birth weight neonates
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table for oral immunoglobulin changes NEC‐related surgery during study period compared with control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
NEC‐related deaths during study period · preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm and low birth weight neonates
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table for oral immunoglobulin changes NEC‐related deaths during study period compared with control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cases of cholera ( · healthy children and adults; high risk population
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction of apnoea to less than one episode per hour (polysomnography) · Children with obstructive sleep apnoea (aged 15 years or younger)
1 finding from 1 review
Daytime symptom: thirstiness in the morning (questionnaire) · Children with obstructive sleep apnoea (aged 15 years or younger)
Oral appliance or functional orthopaedic appliance showed no clear difference in daytime symptom: thirstiness in the morning (questionnaire) compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Signs and symptoms of atypical swallowing and speech production disturbances · Children with obstructive sleep apnoea (aged 15 years or younger)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction of apnoea episodes (apnoea-hypopnoea index) · Children with obstructive sleep apnoea (aged 15 years or younger)
It is very uncertain whether oral appliance or functional orthopaedic appliance changes reduction of apnoea episodes (apnoea-hypopnoea index) compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Nocturnal symptom: nightmares (questionnaire) · Children with obstructive sleep apnoea (aged 15 years or younger)
Oral appliance or functional orthopaedic appliance showed no clear difference in nocturnal symptom: nightmares (questionnaire) compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review