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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,653 questions in 194 reviews · Gynaecology and Fertility
current versionsNo studies 531 · 20%Ungraded 76 · 2.9%Very low 826 · 31.1%Low 855 · 32.2%Moderate 341 · 12.9%High 24 · 0.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Misoprostol vs placebo or no treatment before operative hysteroscopy Side effects · Pre and post menopausal women Preoperative ripening of the cervix before operative hysteroscopy (2015) · Cochrane | OR 2.59 [1.15, 5.79] | 4 studies · 272 participants | Moderate |
Misoprostol vs dinoprostone before operative hysteroscopy Ease of dilatation: need for mechanical dilatation · Pre and post menopausal women Preoperative ripening of the cervix before operative hysteroscopy (2015) · Cochrane | OR 0.58 [0.34, 0.98] | 1 study · 310 participants | Low |
Misoprostol vs dinoprostone before operative hysteroscopy Intraoperative complications · Pre and post menopausal women Preoperative ripening of the cervix before operative hysteroscopy (2015) · Cochrane | OR 0.32 [0.12, 0.83] | 1 study · 310 participants | Low |
Topical anaesthetic vs placebo or no treatment Mean Pain Score During HSG VAS Scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 613 participants | Low |
Locally injected anaesthetics vs placebo or no treatment Mean Pain Score During HSG Visual analogue scale · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 125 participants | Low |
Locally injected anaesthetics vs placebo or no treatment Mean Pain Score Less Than 30 minutes After HSG Visual analogue scale · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 125 participants | Low |
Opioid vs non‐opioid analgesics Mean Pain Score During HSG Visual analogue Scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 91 participants | Low |
Opioid vs non‐opioid analgesics Mean Pain Score Less Than 30 minutes After HSG Visual analogue Scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 91 participants | Low |
Opioid vs non‐opioid analgesics Mean Pain Score More Than 30 minutes After HSG Visual analogue Scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 91 participants | Low |
Topical anaesthetic vs paracervical block Mean Pain Score During HSG Visual analogue scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Moderate |
Topical anaesthetic vs paracervical block Mean Pain Score Less Than 30 minutes After HSG Visual analogue scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Low |
Topical anaesthetic vs paracervical block Mean Pain Score More Than 30 minutes After HSG Visual analogue scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Low |
Topical anaesthetic vs non‐opioid analgesics Mean pain score within 30 minutes after HSG Visual analogue scale · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 100 participants | Very low |
Topical anaesthetic vs non‐opioid analgesics Mean pain score more than 30 minutes after HSG Visual analogue scale · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 100 participants | Very low |
Topical anaesthetic vs placebo or no treatment Mean Pain Score Less Than 30 minutes After HSG Visual analogue Scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 373 participants | Very low |
Topical anaesthetic vs placebo or no treatment Mean Pain Score More Than 30 minutes After HSG Visual analogue Scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 166 participants | Very low |
Oral opioid analgesics vs placebo or no treatment Mean Pain Score During HSG Visual analogue Scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 128 participants | Low |
Oral opioid analgesics vs placebo or no treatment Mean Pain Score More Than 30 minutes After HSG Visual analogue scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 128 participants | Moderate |
Intravenous opioid analgesics vs placebo or no treatment Mean Pain Score During HSG Visual analogue scale (10 cm) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 62 participants | Moderate |
Oral non‐opioid analgesics vs placebo or no treatment Pain Score During HSG Visual analogue scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 133 participants | Low |
Oral non‐opioid analgesics vs placebo or no treatment Pain Score Less Than 30 minutes After HSG Visual analogue scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 45 participants | Very low |
Oral non‐opioid analgesics vs placebo or no treatment Mean Pain Score More Than 30 minutes After HSG Visual analogue Scale (0 to 10) · Women being investigated for infertility Pain relief in hysterosalpingography (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 133 participants | Low |
Long protocol vs short protocol Live birth or ongoing pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.3 [0.94, 1.81] | 12 studies · 976 participants | Low |
Long protocol continued GnRH agonist vs long protocol stop GnRH agonist Clinical pregnancies Number of clinical pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 0.85 [0.51, 1.41] | 4 studies · 360 participants | Low |
Long protocol (continued same vs reduced dose GnRHa) Live birth and ongoing pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Long protocol (continued same vs reduced dose GnRHa) Clinical pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.02 [0.68, 1.52] | 4 studies · 407 participants | Low |
Long protocol (GnRHa until HCG) vs long protocol (extend GnRHa 12 days after HCG) Live birth and ongoing pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 0.89 [0.49, 1.64] | 1 study · 181 participants | Low |
Long protocol (GnRHa until HCG) vs long protocol (extend GnRHa 12 days after HCG) Clinical pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.02 [0.57, 1.83] | 1 study · 181 participants | Low |
Long protocol: administration of GnRHa for two vs three weeks before stimulation Live birth and ongoing pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 0.88 [0.37, 2.05] | 1 study · 85 participants | Low |
Long protocol: administration of GnRHa for two vs three weeks before stimulation Clinical pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 0.93 [0.39, 2.21] | 1 study · 85 participants | Low |
Short protocol vs stop short protocol Live birth and ongoing pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short protocol vs stop short protocol Clinical pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 0.59 [0.3, 1.17] | 1 study · 230 participants | Low |
Long protocol vs short protocol Clinical pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.5 [1.18, 1.9] | 20 studies · 1643 participants | Moderate |
Long protocol vs ultrashort protocol Live birth and ongoing pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.78 [0.72, 4.36] | 1 study · 150 participants | Low |
Long protocol vs ultrashort protocol Clinical pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.56 [0.8, 3.06] | 2 studies · 230 participants | Low |
Short vs ultrashort protocol Live birth and ongoing pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short vs ultrashort protocol Clinical pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.33 [0.47, 3.81] | 1 study · 82 participants | Very low |
Long luteal phase protocol vs long follicular phase protocol Live birth and ongoing pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.89 [0.87, 4.1] | 1 study · 223 participants | Low |
Long luteal phase protocol vs long follicular phase protocol Clinical pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.06 [0.76, 1.47] | 5 studies · 750 participants | Low |
Long protocol continued GnRH agonist vs long protocol stop GnRH agonist Live birth and ongoing pregnancies Number of live births or ongoing pregnancies per woman randomised · women undergoing pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction Gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary suppression in assisted reproduction (2015) · Cochrane | OR 0.75 [0.42, 1.33] | 3 studies · 290 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Comparisons** · Women in assisted reproductive technology cycles (ART) receiving human pre‐implantation embryos in either early… Culture media for human pre‐implantation embryos in assisted reproductive technology cycles (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Early embryo transfer ‐ GM501 (specific) versus ISMI (other) · Women in assisted reproductive technology cycles (ART) receiving human pre‐implantation embryos in either early… Culture media for human pre‐implantation embryos in assisted reproductive technology cycles (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.03 [0.53, 2.03] | 1 study · 172 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Early embryo transfer ‐ GM501 (specific) versus Sydney IVF (other) · Women in assisted reproductive technology cycles (ART) receiving human pre‐implantation embryos in either early… Culture media for human pre‐implantation embryos in assisted reproductive technology cycles (2015) · Cochrane | OR 0.87 [0.38, 1.96] | 1 study · 158 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Early embryo transfer ‐ G2 (specific) versus Universal IVF (other) · Women in assisted reproductive technology cycles (ART) receiving human pre‐implantation embryos in either early… Culture media for human pre‐implantation embryos in assisted reproductive technology cycles (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.53 [0.67, 3.51] | 1 study · 129 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Early embryo transfer: Cook (K‐SIFM or K‐SICM) (specific) versus Vitrolife (IVF or G3) (other) · Women in assisted reproductive technology cycles (ART) receiving human pre‐implantation embryos in either early… Culture media for human pre‐implantation embryos in assisted reproductive technology cycles (2015) · Cochrane | OR 0.98 [0.63, 1.54] | 1 study · 449 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Early embryo transfer ‐ G2 (specific) versus Ham's F10 (other) · Women in assisted reproductive technology cycles (ART) receiving human pre‐implantation embryos in either early… Culture media for human pre‐implantation embryos in assisted reproductive technology cycles (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.52 [0.58, 3.99] | 1 study · 72 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Late embryo transfer ‐ GM501 (specific) versus Sydney IVF (other) · Women in assisted reproductive technology cycles (ART) receiving human pre‐implantation embryos in either early… Culture media for human pre‐implantation embryos in assisted reproductive technology cycles (2015) · Cochrane | OR 0.67 [0.03, 14.03] | 1 study · 12 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Late embryo transfer ‐ G2 (specific) versus Universal IVF (other) · Women in assisted reproductive technology cycles (ART) receiving human pre‐implantation embryos in either early… Culture media for human pre‐implantation embryos in assisted reproductive technology cycles (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.92 [0.44, 8.31] | 1 study · 47 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Late embryo transfer ‐ ECM/Multiblast (specific) versus Global (other) · Women in assisted reproductive technology cycles (ART) receiving human pre‐implantation embryos in either early… Culture media for human pre‐implantation embryos in assisted reproductive technology cycles (2015) · Cochrane | OR 0.5 [0.2, 1.26] | 1 study · 79 participants | Very low |
hCG vs placebo/no treatment Live birth or ongoing pregnancy · subfertile women Luteal phase support for assisted reproduction cycles (2015) · Cochrane | OR 1.76 [1.08, 2.86] | 3 studies · 527 participants | Very low |