Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,231 questions · 3,354 findings · 394 reviews

No studies found 803 · 23.9%GRADE not reported 267 · 8%Very low 757 · 22.6%Low 859 · 25.6%Moderate 486 · 14.5%High 182 · 5.4%

Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs placebo/open control

Death from any cause · adults with acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage

Summary of findings table ‐ Antifibrinolytic drug(s) showed no clear difference in death from any cause compared with placebo/open control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs placebo/open control

Death or dependence (mRS 4 to 6) at day 90 · adults with acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage

Summary of findings table ‐ Antifibrinolytic drug(s) showed no clear difference in death or dependence (mRS 4–6) compared with placebo/open control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs placebo/open control

Intracerebral haemorrhage expansion by 24 hours · adults with acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage

Summary of findings table ‐ Antifibrinolytic drug(s) leads to lower intracerebral haemorrhage expansion by 24 hours compared with placebo/open control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: split‐spinous process laminotomy vs conventional laminectomy

Incidence of postoperative instability · patients with lumbar stenosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: split‐spinous process laminotomy changes incidence of postoperative instability compared with conventional laminectomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: split‐spinous process laminotomy vs conventional laminectomy

Incidence of perioperative complications · patients with lumbar stenosis

Summary of findings: split‐spinous process laminotomy showed no clear difference in incidence of perioperative complications compared with conventional laminectomy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) vs 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine)

Clinical relapse · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis

It is very uncertain whether probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) changes clinical relapse (12 to 52 weeks) compared with 5‐ASA (mesalazine) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) vs 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine)

Maintenance of clinical remission · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis

Probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) showed no clear difference in maintenance of clinical remission (24 to 52 weeks) compared with 5‐ASA (mesalazine) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) vs 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine)

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis

It is very uncertain whether probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) changes withdrawal due to adverse events (12 to 52 weeks) compared with 5‐ASA (mesalazine) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin) vs beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone)

All‐cause mortality during hospital stay and all‐cause mortality at 1 year · people with infective endocarditis due to penicillin‐susceptible Streptococci

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin) vs beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone)

Cure · people with infective endocarditis due to penicillin‐susceptible Streptococci

Beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin) showed no clear difference in cure compared with beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin) vs beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone)

Adverse events · people with infective endocarditis due to penicillin‐susceptible Streptococci

It is very uncertain whether beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin) changes adverse events compared with beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin) vs beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone)

Need for cardiac surgical interventions · people with infective endocarditis due to penicillin‐susceptible Streptococci

It is very uncertain whether beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin) changes need for cardiac surgical interventions compared with beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review