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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
487 questions in 49 reviews · Breast Cancer
current versionsNo studies 44 · 9%Ungraded 14 · 2.9%Very low 108 · 22.2%Low 128 · 26.3%Moderate 107 · 22%High 86 · 17.7%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
PARPi‐containing regimen vs non‐PARPi regimen Grade ≥3 AEs · locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer PARP (Poly ADP‐Ribose Polymerase) inhibitors for locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.91, 1.04] | 5 studies · 1443 participants | Moderate |
Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation vs general anaesthesia Postoperative analgesic requirement · women undergoing breast cancer surgery Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation versus general anaesthesia for women undergoing breast… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.07 [0.01, 0.34] | 5 studies · 305 participants | Low |
Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation vs general anaesthesia Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) · women undergoing breast cancer surgery Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation versus general anaesthesia for women undergoing breast… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.16 [0.08, 0.3] | 6 studies · 323 participants | Moderate |
Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation vs general anaesthesia Postoperative pain at 2 hours · women undergoing breast cancer surgery Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation versus general anaesthesia for women undergoing breast… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 224 participants | Moderate |
Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation vs general anaesthesia Postoperative pain at 24 hours on rest · women undergoing breast cancer surgery Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation versus general anaesthesia for women undergoing breast… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 169 participants | Low |
Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation vs general anaesthesia Postoperative pain at 6 hours on movement · women undergoing breast cancer surgery Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation versus general anaesthesia for women undergoing breast… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 130 participants | Low |
Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation vs general anaesthesia Postoperative pain at 24 hours on movement · women undergoing breast cancer surgery Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation versus general anaesthesia for women undergoing breast… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 130 participants | Low |
Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation vs general anaesthesia Mortality · women undergoing breast cancer surgery Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation versus general anaesthesia for women undergoing breast… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 9 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Breast cancer mortality ‐ tamoxifen · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor) Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 97 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Recurrence ‐ tamoxifen · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor) Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 1956 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Recurrence ‐ AIs · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor) Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 175 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Recurrence (loco‐regional) ‐ endocrine therapies not separated (exemestane (AI)/tamoxifen (SERM)) · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor) Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 284 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Recurrence (distance) ‐ endocrine therapies not separated (exemestane (AI)/tamoxifen (SERM)) · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor) Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 284 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Incidence of a secondary primary breast cancer (e.g. in the contralateral breast) ‐ endocrine therapies not separated (exemestane (AI)/tamoxifen (SERM)/unknown) · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor) Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 87 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Incidence of invasive breast cancer and DCIS ‐ tamoxifen · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor) Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 51 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Prevention: incidence of invasive breast cancer and DCIS ‐ tamoxifen · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor) or not receiving… Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 123 participants | Low |
NSAID vs placebo Incidence of breast hematoma · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.33 [0.05, 2.02] | 2 studies · 230 participants | Low |
NSAID vs other analgesic Incidence rate or severity of postoperative nausea, vomiting, or both · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.18 [0.06, 0.57] | 3 studies · 128 participants | Moderate |
NSAID vs other analgesic Bleeding from any location within 90 days · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.33 [0.01, 7.99] | 1 study · 100 participants | Very low |
NSAID vs other analgesic Other side effects of NSAID use · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.11 [0.01, 1.8] | 1 study · 48 participants | Very low |
NSAID vs other analgesic Opioid use within 24 (± 12) hours of surgery · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 178 participants | Low |
NSAID vs no intervention Pain intensity 24 (±12) hours following surgery · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
NSAID vs placebo Pain intensity 24 (± 12) hours following surgery · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 310 participants | Low |
NSAID vs placebo Incidence rate or severity of postoperative nausea, vomiting, or both · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.15 [0.58, 2.27] | 4 studies · 939 participants | Low |
NSAID vs placebo Bleeding from any location within 90 days · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.05 [0.89, 1.24] | 2 studies · 251 participants | Low |
NSAID vs placebo Need for blood transfusion · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | RR 4.62 [0.23, 91.34] | 1 study · 48 participants | Very low |
NSAID vs placebo Other side effects of NSAID use · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.12 [0.44, 2.86] | 2 studies · 251 participants | Low |
NSAID vs placebo Opioid use within 24 (± 12) hours of surgery · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 304 participants | Low |
NSAID vs other analgesic Incidence of breast hematoma within 90 days of breast surgery · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.33 [0.01, 7.99] | 1 study · 100 participants | Very low |
NSAID vs other analgesic Pain intensity 24 (± 12) hours following surgery · women undergoing breast surgery Perioperative systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in women undergoing breast surgery (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 200 participants | Low |
Any O‐BCS vs S‐BCS Local recurrence‐free survival (up to 5 years) · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | HR 0.9 [0.61, 1.34] | 4 studies · 7600 participants | Very low |
Any O‐BCS vs mastectomy Disease‐free survival · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.58 [0.41, 0.82] | 1 study · 1193 participants | Very low |
Any O‐BCS vs mastectomy Re‐excision rates · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Any O‐BCS vs mastectomy Complications · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.75 [0.67, 0.83] | 4 studies · 4839 participants | Very low |
Any O‐BCS vs mastectomy Recall rates · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Any O‐BCS vs mastectomy Patient‐reported outcome measures · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1 participants | Ungraded |
Any O‐BCS vs mastectomy plus reconstruction Local recurrence‐free survival · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | HR 1.37 [0.72, 2.62] | 1 study · 3785 participants | Very low |
Any O‐BCS vs mastectomy plus reconstruction Cumulative local recurrence rate · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Any O‐BCS vs mastectomy plus reconstruction Disease‐free survival · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | HR 0.45 [0.09, 2.22] | 1 study · 317 participants | Very low |
Any O‐BCS vs mastectomy plus reconstruction Re‐excision rates · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Any O‐BCS vs mastectomy plus reconstruction Complications · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.49 [0.45, 0.54] | 5 studies · 4973 participants | Very low |
Any O‐BCS vs S‐BCS Local recurrence rates (up to 5 years) · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | HR 1.33 [0.96, 1.83] | 4 studies · 2443 participants | Low |
Any O‐BCS vs mastectomy plus reconstruction Recall rates · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Any O‐BCS vs mastectomy plus reconstruction Patient‐reported outcome measures · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 3 participants | Ungraded |
Any O‐BCS vs S‐BCS Disease‐free survival (up to 5 years) · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | HR 1.06 [0.89, 1.26] | 7 studies · 5532 participants | Low |
Any O‐BCS vs S‐BCS Re‐excision rate: total re‐excisions · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.76 [0.69, 0.85] | 38 studies · 13341 participants | Very low |
Any O‐BCS vs S‐BCS Complications · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.19 [1.1, 1.27] | 20 studies · 118005 participants | Very low |
Any O‐BCS vs S‐BCS Recall rate · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 2.39 [1.67, 3.42] | 6 studies · 715 participants | Low |
Any O‐BCS vs S‐BCS Patient‐reported outcome measures · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 24 studies · 5665 participants | Very low |
Any O‐BCS vs mastectomy Local recurrence‐free survival (up to 5 years) · women with primary breast cancer Oncoplastic breast‐conserving surgery for women with primary breast cancer (2021) · Cochrane | HR 0.55 [0.34, 0.91] | 2 studies · 4713 participants | Very low |