What do systematic reviews say?

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol vs placebo or no intervention

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol may leads to lower failure of PDA closure after first course (assessed by… compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.27 [0.18, 0.42]
  3 studies · 240 participants
  Low

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol vs placebo or no intervention

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality during initial hospital stay (by clinical… compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.59 [0.24, 1.44]
  3 studies · 240 participants
  Low

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol vs placebo or no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) vs placebo

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) may leads to higher adequate pain relief as reported by women compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Paracetamol/acetaminophen (single administration) for perineal pain in the early postpartum period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.14 [1.59, 2.89]
  10 studies · 1279 participants
  Low

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) vs placebo

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) may leads to lower additional pain relief compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Paracetamol/acetaminophen (single administration) for perineal pain in the early postpartum period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.34 [0.21, 0.55]
  8 studies · 1132 participants
  Low

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) vs placebo

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) showed no clear difference in maternal drug adverse effects (nausea) compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Paracetamol/acetaminophen (single administration) for perineal pain in the early postpartum period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.18 [0.01, 3.66]
  1 study · 232 participants
  Low

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) vs placebo

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) showed no clear difference in maternal drug adverse effects (sleepiness) compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Paracetamol/acetaminophen (single administration) for perineal pain in the early postpartum period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.89 [0.18, 4.3]
  1 study · 232 participants
  Low

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Paracetamol/acetaminophen (single administration) for perineal pain in the early postpartum period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Paracetamol alone, paracetamol plus codeine, or paracetamol plus dihydrocodeine vs placebo

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without codeine or dihydrocodeine for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Paracetamol alone, paracetamol plus codeine, or paracetamol plus dihydrocodeine vs placebo

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without codeine or dihydrocodeine for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Paracetamol alone, paracetamol plus codeine, or paracetamol plus dihydrocodeine vs placebo

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without codeine or dihydrocodeine for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Paracetamol alone, paracetamol plus codeine, or paracetamol plus dihydrocodeine vs placebo

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without codeine or dihydrocodeine for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Paracetamol alone, paracetamol plus codeine, or paracetamol plus dihydrocodeine vs placebo

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without codeine or dihydrocodeine for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Paracetamol alone, paracetamol plus codeine, or paracetamol plus dihydrocodeine vs placebo

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without codeine or dihydrocodeine for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Interventions (ibuprofen, tolfenamic acid, aspirin, tranexamic acid) vs placebo or active comparators (paracetamol, tranexamic acid)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to prevent or treat heavy menstrual bleeding or pain associated with intrauterine‐device use 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

NSAIDs vs paracetamol

It is very uncertain whether NSAIDs changes all adverse effects ‐ ibuprofen versus paracetamol compared with paracetamol (very low certainty).

• Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for dysmenorrhoea 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.85 [0.31, 2.34]
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes paracetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 (very low certainty).

• Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.82 [0.66, 1.02]
  3 studies · 212 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in paracetamol vs propacetamol see footnote1 (low certainty).

• Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.94 [0.73, 1.2]
  3 studies · 361 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 485 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 350 participants
  Very low