Inhaled steroids may leads to lower hypertension compared with systemic steroids (low certainty).
Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in general conceptual ability (GCA) score at 7 years The test has a… compared with systemic steroids (moderate certainty).
Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in moderate/severe disability at 7 years compared with systemic steroids (moderate certainty).
Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in death or moderate/severe disability at 7 years compared with systemic steroids (moderate certainty).
Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in systolic blood pressure > 95th percentile at 7 years compared with systemic steroids (moderate certainty).
Early inhaled steroid (< 2 weeks) probably leads to lower CLD at 36 weeks' PMA compared with placebo (among survivors) (moderate certainty).
Early inhaled steroids (< 2 weeks) showed no clear difference in CLD at 36 weeks' PMA oxygen dependency at 36 weeks' PMA compared with placebo (among all randomised) (moderate certainty).
Early inhaled steroids (< 2 weeks) probably leads to lower death by, or CLD at, 36 weeks' PMA Death or oxygen dependency at 36… compared with placebo (among all randomised) (moderate certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
Increased showed no clear difference in unscheduled physician visits 44 weeks compared with stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether increased changes serious adverse events 48 weeks compared with stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether increased changes non‐serious adverse events 43 weeks compared with stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers changes any COPD exacerbation that requires short‐burst oral corticosteroids… compared with once‐daily LAMA (very low certainty).
The intervention probably leads to lower patients with ≥ 1 exacerbations requiring oral corticosteroids… (moderate certainty).
The intervention showed no clear difference in participants with ≥ 1 exacerbation requiring oral corticosteroids… (low certainty).
The intervention showed no clear difference in patients with ≥ 1 exacerbation requiring oral corticosteroids… (moderate certainty).
The intervention showed no clear difference in exacerbations requiring oral corticosteroids 48 weeks (moderate certainty).
Stopping LABA showed no clear difference in exacerbation: systemic corticosteroids 17 weeks compared with continuing use of LABA+ICS (moderate certainty).