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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,112 questions in 171 reviews · Eyes and Vision
current versionsNo studies 587 · 27.8%Ungraded 95 · 4.5%Very low 446 · 21.1%Low 557 · 26.4%Moderate 361 · 17.1%High 66 · 3.1%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention NR Clinical outcomes: improvement in punctate keratitis at 6 months · people residing in communities endemic for onchocerciasis Doxycycline plus ivermectin versus ivermectin alone for treatment of patients with onchocerciasis (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.43 [1.02, 2] | 1 study · 240 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Adverse events · people residing in communities endemic for onchocerciasis Doxycycline plus ivermectin versus ivermectin alone for treatment of patients with onchocerciasis (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2010 participants | Moderate |
Anti‐VEGF vs control Change in visual acuity at 1 year · CNV in people with pathologic myopia Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor for choroidal neovascularisation in people with pathological myopia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 263 participants | Low |
Anti‐VEGF vs control Gain 3+ lines of visual acuity at 1 year · CNV in people with pathologic myopia Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor for choroidal neovascularisation in people with pathological myopia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.86 [1.27, 2.73] | 2 studies · 226 participants | Moderate |
Anti‐VEGF vs control Change in central macular thickness at 1 year · CNV in people with pathologic myopia Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor for choroidal neovascularisation in people with pathological myopia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 226 participants | Moderate |
Anti‐VEGF vs control CNV angiographic closure at 1 year · CNV in people with pathologic myopia Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor for choroidal neovascularisation in people with pathological myopia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.24 [0.99, 1.54] | 2 studies · 208 participants | Low |
Anti‐VEGF vs control Systemic serious adverse events · CNV in people with pathologic myopia Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor for choroidal neovascularisation in people with pathological myopia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 4.5 [0.6, 33.99] | 4 studies · 508 participants | Very low |
Anti‐VEGF vs control Ocular adverse events · CNV in people with pathologic myopia Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor for choroidal neovascularisation in people with pathological myopia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.82 [0.23, 14.71] | 4 studies · 508 participants | Very low |
Anti‐VEGF vs control Quality of life · CNV in people with pathologic myopia Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor for choroidal neovascularisation in people with pathological myopia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 121 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Recurrence of pterygium ( · individuals with pterygium Fibrin glue versus sutures for conjunctival autografting in primary pterygium surgery (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.47 [0.27, 0.82] | NR | Low |
Intervention NR Occurrence of complication · individuals with pterygium Fibrin glue versus sutures for conjunctival autografting in primary pterygium surgery (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.92 [1.22, 3.02] | NR | Low |
Intervention NR Operating time · individuals with pterygium Fibrin glue versus sutures for conjunctival autografting in primary pterygium surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Intervention NR Mean change in BCVA in ETDRS letters at 1 year (number of letters) · people with age‐related macular degeneration Aflibercept for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 2412 participants | High |
Intervention NR Gain of ≥ 15 letters of BVCA at 1 year · people with age‐related macular degeneration Aflibercept for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.97 [0.85, 1.11] | 2 studies · 2412 participants | High |
Intervention NR Absence of fluid on optical coherence tomography (OCT) at 1 year · people with age‐related macular degeneration Aflibercept for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.98, 1.14] | 2 studies · 2291 participants | High |
Intervention NR Quality‐of‐life measures at 1 year (National Eye Institute‐Visual Function Questionnaire [NEI‐VFQ]) · people with age‐related macular degeneration Aflibercept for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 2412 participants | High |
Intervention NR Adverse events ‐ serious systemic events at 1 year · people with age‐related macular degeneration Aflibercept for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.99 [0.79, 1.25] | 2 studies · 2419 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Adverse events ‐ serious ocular events at 1 year · people with age‐related macular degeneration Aflibercept for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.62 [0.36, 1.07] | 2 studies · 2419 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings for conjunctival autograft vs amniotic membrane transplant Recurrence of pterygium · people with primary or recurrent pterygium Conjunctival autograft for pterygium (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.87 [0.43, 1.77] | NR | Very low |
Summary of findings for conjunctival autograft vs amniotic membrane transplant Recurrence of pterygium · people with primary or recurrent pterygium Conjunctival autograft for pterygium (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.53 [0.33, 0.85] | NR | Moderate |
Summary of findings for conjunctival autograft vs amniotic membrane transplant Clinical improvement (non‐recurrence risk) · people with primary or recurrent pterygium Conjunctival autograft for pterygium (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for conjunctival autograft vs amniotic membrane transplant Need for repeat surgery · people with primary or recurrent pterygium Conjunctival autograft for pterygium (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for conjunctival autograft vs amniotic membrane transplant Mean change in visual acuity · people with primary or recurrent pterygium Conjunctival autograft for pterygium (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for conjunctival autograft vs amniotic membrane transplant Quality of life · people with primary or recurrent pterygium Conjunctival autograft for pterygium (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for conjunctival autograft vs amniotic membrane transplant Direct and indirect costs · people with primary or recurrent pterygium Conjunctival autograft for pterygium (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Occurrence of ocular involvement · Adult immunocompetent patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus Valacyclovir versus acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in immunocompetent patients (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.93 [0.18, 20.65] | 1 study · 110 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Ocular involvement ‐ Dendritic ulcer · Adult immunocompetent patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus Valacyclovir versus acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in immunocompetent patients (2016) · Cochrane | RR 2.89 [0.31, 26.96] | 1 study · 110 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Ocular involvement ‐ Uveitis · Adult immunocompetent patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus Valacyclovir versus acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in immunocompetent patients (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.96 [0.36, 2.57] | 1 study · 110 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Pain at week 24 (self‐reported; yes) · Adult immunocompetent patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus Valacyclovir versus acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in immunocompetent patients (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.96 [0.2, 4.57] | 1 study · 110 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Adverse effects ‐ Vomiting · Adult immunocompetent patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus Valacyclovir versus acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in immunocompetent patients (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.45 [0.25, 8.32] | 1 study · 110 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Adverse effects ‐ Eyelid or facial oedema · Adult immunocompetent patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus Valacyclovir versus acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in immunocompetent patients (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.32 [0.03, 3] | 1 study · 110 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Adverse effects ‐ Disseminated zoster · Adult immunocompetent patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus Valacyclovir versus acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in immunocompetent patients (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.32 [0.01, 7.73] | 1 study · 110 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Treatment comparisons · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Acyclovir (B) versus trifluridine (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Brivudine (B) versus trifluridine (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Brivudine (B) versus acyclovir (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Ganciclovir (B) versus acyclovir (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Foscarnet (B) versus trifluridine (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Foscarnet (B) versus acyclovir (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Foscarnet (B) versus ganciclovir (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Treatment comparisons · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Topical acyclovir/vidarabine (B) versus topical acyclovir (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Oral antiviral (B) versus topical antiviral (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Idoxuridine (B) versus inactive control (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Oral antiviral + topical antiviral (B) versus topical antiviral (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Treatment comparisons · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Interferon (B) versus inactive control (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Interferon (B) versus antiviral (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Interferon + antiviral (B) versus antiviral (A) · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Treatment comparisons · trial participants with dendritic or geographic epithelial keratitis Outcomes: corneal epithelial healing at 7 and 14… Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |