Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,092 questions · 3,199 findings · 339 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 714 · 22.3%GRADE not reported 181 · 5.7%Very low 695 · 21.7%Low 908 · 28.4%Moderate 568 · 17.8%High 133 · 4.2%

Oral magnesium vs placebo/no treatment

Duration of leg cramps: persisting symptoms after night‐time cramps Sometimes · treating leg cramps in pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether oral magnesium changes duration of leg cramps: persisting symptoms after night‐time cramps… compared with placebo/no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral magnesium vs placebo/no treatment

Composite outcome: symptoms of leg cramps (intensity and frequency) Partial improvement: decrease in intensity and frequency · treating leg cramps in pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether oral magnesium changes composite outcome: symptoms of leg cramps (intensity and frequency)… compared with placebo/no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral midazolam vs placebo

Level of sedation on a sedation assessment scale · children requiring sedation before micturating cystourethrograms and Kirschner wire removal and adults undergoing flexible sigmoidoscopy
1 finding from 1 review

Oral midazolam vs placebo

Anxiety · children requiring sedation before micturating cystourethrograms and Kirschner wire removal and adults undergoing flexible sigmoidoscopy
1 finding from 1 review

Oral midazolam vs placebo

Incomplete procedure · children requiring sedation before micturating cystourethrograms and Kirschner wire removal and adults undergoing flexible sigmoidoscopy
1 finding from 1 review

Oral midazolam vs placebo

Anterograde amnesia (defined by number of participants who recalled the procedure) · children requiring sedation before micturating cystourethrograms and Kirschner wire removal and adults undergoing flexible sigmoidoscopy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral midazolam vs placebo

Disinhibition or excitation · children requiring sedation before micturating cystourethrograms and Kirschner wire removal and adults undergoing flexible sigmoidoscopy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral midazolam vs placebo

Discomfort/pain · children requiring sedation before micturating cystourethrograms and Kirschner wire removal and adults undergoing flexible sigmoidoscopy
1 finding from 1 review

Oral midazolam vs placebo

Allergic or anaphylactoid reaction · children requiring sedation before micturating cystourethrograms and Kirschner wire removal and adults undergoing flexible sigmoidoscopy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review