Pain on movement at 24 hours Visual analogue scale Scale from zero to 10 · adults having abdominal surgery
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality rate at 30 days · adults having abdominal surgery
Epidural analgesia showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality rate at 30 days compared with intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Failure of analgesic technique requiring alternative approach (assessed at any time) · adults having abdominal surgery
Epidural analgesia probably leads to higher failure of analgesic technique requiring alternative approach… compared with intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events (assessed at any time during · adults having abdominal surgery
Epidural analgesia showed no clear difference in adverse events (assessed at any time during compared with intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Postoperative neurological injury ( · children and adults undergoing surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Postoperative complications ‐ Stroke · children and adults undergoing surgery
Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring showed no clear difference in postoperative stroke ( compared with blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
POD: postoperative delirium ( · children and adults undergoing surgery
Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring showed no clear difference in POD: postoperative delirium ( compared with blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
POCD defined by original studies ‐ mild ( · children and adults undergoing surgery
Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring may leads to lower POCD defined by original studies ‐ mild ( compared with blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
POCD: decline in cognitive function ( · children and adults undergoing surgery
Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring showed no clear difference in POCD: decline in cognitive function ( compared with blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intraoperative mortality or postoperative mortality: Death ( · children and adults undergoing surgery
Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring showed no clear difference in intraoperative mortality or postoperative mortality: Death ( compared with blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · children and adults undergoing surgery
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Mortality within the longest · adult surgical patients with the need for cardiopulmonary bypass‐dependent heart surgery
It is very uncertain whether pulmonary artery perfusion with blood changes all‐cause mortality within longest compared with no perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of participants with pulmonary events within longest · adult surgical patients with the need for cardiopulmonary bypass‐dependent heart surgery
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Participants with ≥ 1SAE within longest · adult surgical patients with the need for cardiopulmonary bypass‐dependent heart surgery
It is very uncertain whether pulmonary artery perfusion with blood changes participants with ≥ 1SAE within longest compared with no perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Last measured PaO2/FiO2 ratio (mmHg) in all trials, irrespective of overall risk of bias · adult surgical patients with the need for cardiopulmonary bypass‐dependent heart surgery
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · adults (aged > 16 years) without acute lung injury needing mechanical positive pressure ventilation during their surgery and undergoing…
Low tidal volume showed no clear difference in mortality compared with high tidal volume (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pneumonia · adults (aged > 16 years) without acute lung injury needing mechanical positive pressure ventilation during their surgery and undergoing…
Low tidal volume probably leads to lower pneumonia compared with high tidal volume (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Need for postoperative non‐invasive ventilatory support · adults (aged > 16 years) without acute lung injury needing mechanical positive pressure ventilation during their surgery and undergoing…
Low tidal volume probably leads to lower need for postoperative non‐invasive ventilatory support compared with high tidal volume (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Need for postoperative invasive ventilatory support · adults (aged > 16 years) without acute lung injury needing mechanical positive pressure ventilation during their surgery and undergoing…
Low tidal volume probably leads to lower need for postoperative invasive ventilatory support compared with high tidal volume (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
ICU length of stay (general intensive care patients) · adults (aged > 16 years) without acute lung injury needing mechanical positive pressure ventilation during their surgery and undergoing…
1 finding from 1 review