Gap finder
Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,112 questions in 171 reviews · Eyes and Vision
current versionsNo studies 587 · 27.8%Ungraded 95 · 4.5%Very low 446 · 21.1%Low 557 · 26.4%Moderate 361 · 17.1%High 66 · 3.1%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Topical NSAIDs vs control Complications of corneal abrasion · analgesia in traumatic corneal abrasions Topical non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for analgesia in traumatic corneal abrasions (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.44 [0.07, 2.96] | 6 studies · 609 participants | Very low |
Topical NSAIDs vs control Drug‐related adverse events · analgesia in traumatic corneal abrasions Topical non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for analgesia in traumatic corneal abrasions (2017) · Cochrane | RR 2.95 [0.32, 27.6] | 2 studies · 163 participants | Very low |
Larger coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Mean postoperative surgically induced astigmatism · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Smaller coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Mean change of central corneal thickness · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Smaller coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Adverse events · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Smaller coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Quality of life · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Smaller coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs larger C‐MICS Mean postoperative surgically induced astigmatism · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Smaller coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs larger C‐MICS Mean postoperative best‐corrected visual acuity · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Smaller coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs larger C‐MICS Mean change of endothelial cell loss · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Smaller coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs larger C‐MICS Mean central corneal thickness · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Smaller coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs larger C‐MICS Adverse events · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Smaller coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs larger C‐MICS Quality of life · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Biaxial microincision cataract surgery (B‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Mean postoperative surgically induced astigmatism · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Larger coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Mean postoperative best‐corrected visual acuity · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Biaxial microincision cataract surgery (B‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Mean postoperative best‐corrected visual acuity · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Biaxial microincision cataract surgery (B‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Mean endothelial cell loss · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Biaxial microincision cataract surgery (B‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Postoperative central corneal thickness · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Biaxial microincision cataract surgery (B‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Adverse events · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Biaxial microincision cataract surgery (B‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Quality of life · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Larger coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Mean endothelial cell loss · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Larger coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Central corneal thickness · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Larger coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Adverse events (corneal edema) · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 | NR | Ungraded |
Larger coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Quality of life · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Smaller coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Mean postoperative surgically induced astigmatism · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Smaller coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Mean postoperative best‐corrected visual acuity · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Smaller coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C‐MICS) vs standard phacoemulsification Mean change of endothelial cell loss · adults with age‐related cataract Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs vs corticosteroids Intraocular inflammation measured by anterior chamber cell and flare 1 week · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 174 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs plus corticosteroids vs corticosteroids alone Proportion of participants with best‐corrected visual acuity of 20/40 1 week · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs plus corticosteroids vs corticosteroids alone Proportion of participants with cystoid macular edema 1 week · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.17 [0.03, 0.97] | 2 studies · 220 participants | Low |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs plus corticosteroids vs corticosteroids alone Time to cessation of treatment · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs plus corticosteroids vs corticosteroids alone Adverse events · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs plus corticosteroids vs corticosteroids alone Economic outcomes · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs vs corticosteroids Intraocular inflammation measured by proportion of participants with corneal edema 1 week · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.77 [0.26, 2.29] | 1 study · 114 participants | Low |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs vs corticosteroids Proportion of participants with best‐corrected visual acuity of 20/40 1 week · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs vs corticosteroids Proportion of participants with cystoid macular edema 1 week · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.26 [0.17, 0.41] | 4 studies · 291 participants | Low |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs vs corticosteroids Time to cessation of treatment · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs vs corticosteroids Adverse events · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs vs corticosteroids Economic outcomes · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs plus corticosteroids vs corticosteroids alone Intraocular inflammation measured by anterior chamber cell and flare 1 week · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for NSAIDs plus corticosteroids vs corticosteroids alone Intraocular inflammation measured by proportion of participants with corneal edema 1 week · people who received phacoemulsification Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after… (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.98, 1.16] | 1 study · 138 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Proportion of participants with IOP < 21 mmHg at 1 year' · participants with glaucoma or ocular hypertension Topical medication instillation techniques for glaucoma (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Mean IOP change from baseline at 1 year' · participants with glaucoma or ocular hypertension Topical medication instillation techniques for glaucoma (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Participant‐reported outcomes related to the ease, convenience, and comfort of instillation at 1 year' · participants with glaucoma or ocular hypertension Topical medication instillation techniques for glaucoma (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Physiologic measurements of systemic absorption at 1 year' · participants with glaucoma or ocular hypertension Topical medication instillation techniques for glaucoma (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Escalation of therapy at 1 year' · participants with glaucoma or ocular hypertension Topical medication instillation techniques for glaucoma (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Mean change in visual fields at 1 year' · participants with glaucoma or ocular hypertension Topical medication instillation techniques for glaucoma (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse events at 1 year' · participants with glaucoma or ocular hypertension Topical medication instillation techniques for glaucoma (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Medication vs placebo IOP increase of ≥ 5 mmHg within 2 hours · people with glaucoma receiving LTP Perioperative medications for preventing temporarily increased intraocular pressure after laser… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 273 participants | Low |
Brimonidine vs apraclonidine Mean change in IOP from pre‐LTP within 2 hours · people with glaucoma receiving LTP Perioperative medications for preventing temporarily increased intraocular pressure after laser… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 71 participants | Moderate |
Brimonidine vs apraclonidine IOP increase of ≥ 5 mmHg between 2 and 24 hours · people with glaucoma receiving LTP Perioperative medications for preventing temporarily increased intraocular pressure after laser… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |