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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,052 questions · 1,797 findings · 134 reviews

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No studies found 10 · 0.6%GRADE not reported 1,630 · 90.7%Very low 95 · 5.3%Low 23 · 1.3%Moderate 22 · 1.2%High 17 · 0.9%

Clear aligners (Invisalign / thermoformed aligners) vs Fixed appliances

S. mutans presence · Adolescents/teenagers undergoing orthodontic treatment

A single study found no significant difference in S. mutans presence between aligners and fixed appliances in adolescents at 1 month (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.14; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Habit of tooth cleaning vs No habit of tooth cleaning

Dental caries · Individuals in Ethiopia assessed for dental caries

The habit of tooth cleaning was not significantly associated with dental caries (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.17 to 2.96); certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Sweet food consumption (frequent) vs No/less frequent sweet food consumption

Dental caries · Individuals in Ethiopia assessed for dental caries

Sweet food consumption was associated with significantly higher odds of dental caries (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.91 to 3.01); certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Utilization of dental services assessment (care/restorative index; dental visits) vs None (descriptive prevalence review; subgroup analyses by urban/rural status, country and year)

Dental service utilisation within the past year · Healthy Emirati preschool children in the United Arab Emirates

Utilization of dental services among healthy Emirati preschoolers was very low, with most children never having visited a dentist and very low care indices (narrative synthesis; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Gastroesophageal or laryngopharyngeal reflux (GERD/LPR) vs Healthy individuals without reflux (controls)

Dental erosion · Adults with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR)

Reflux (GERD/LPR) is associated with a higher prevalence and severity of dental erosion than in healthy individuals, but the evidence is heterogeneous, not pooled, and ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Vegetarian diet (any diet excluding all meat, poultry and fish) vs Nonvegetarian diet

Dental erosion · General population (children and adults) assessed for dental hard-tissue health

Among adults and excluding the outlier study, vegetarian diet was associated with higher odds of dental erosion with no heterogeneity (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.77 to 3.71; ungraded).

4 findings from 1 review
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Vegetarian diet (any diet excluding all meat, poultry and fish) vs Nonvegetarian diet

Number of natural teeth (missing/present teeth, edentulousness, MT component of DMFT) · General population (children and adults) assessed for dental hard-tissue health

Evidence on the number of natural teeth was conflicting and could not be pooled (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Vegetarian diet and its possible influence on dental health: A systematic literature review. 2020 All outcomes
    Multiple countries (mostly India; also Finland and other European countries, Brazil, Trinidad and Tobago); community and clinical settings
    Seven studies reported on the number of teeth with conflicting findings; meta-analysis was not possible due to inconsistent outcome definitions. One study found vegetarians had significantly more teeth; two found no…
    7 studies
    GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Prevalence of GERD/reflux (esophagitis or positive pH testing) · Adults with dental erosion

Among patients with dental erosion, 64% to 75% had GERD or reflux findings across four studies; evidence is ungraded and not pooled.

1 finding from 1 review

38% silver diamine fluoride vs placebo

Root carious lesions prevention · Older adults with root carious lesions (exposed root surfaces)

38% silver diamine fluoride reduced root-caries increment (DMFRS/DFRS) versus placebo, MD −0.33 (95% CI −0.39 to −0.28) (ungraded).

3 findings from 1 review