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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
165 questions in 15 reviews · Childhood Cancer
current versionsNo studies 50 · 30.3%Ungraded 12 · 7.3%Very low 13 · 7.9%Low 69 · 41.8%Moderate 21 · 12.7%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Summary of findings: urate oxidase vs allopurinol Percentage reduction in serum uric acid level · children with haematological malignancy at risk of tumour lysis syndrome Urate oxidase for the prevention and treatment of tumour lysis syndrome in children with cancer (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: urate oxidase vs allopurinol AUC of serum uric acid level at 4 days ( · children with haematological malignancy at risk of tumour lysis syndrome Urate oxidase for the prevention and treatment of tumour lysis syndrome in children with cancer (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 52 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: urate oxidase vs allopurinol Frequency of adverse events ( · children with haematological malignancy at risk of tumour lysis syndrome Urate oxidase for the prevention and treatment of tumour lysis syndrome in children with cancer (2017) · Cochrane | RR 9.1 [1.29, 64] | 3 studies · 345 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: high‐dose urate oxidase vs low‐dose urate oxidase Incidence of clinical tumour lysis syndrome · children with haematological malignancy at risk of tumour lysis syndrome Urate oxidase for the prevention and treatment of tumour lysis syndrome in children with cancer (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: high‐dose urate oxidase vs low‐dose urate oxidase Mortality due to tumour lysis syndrome · children with haematological malignancy at risk of tumour lysis syndrome Urate oxidase for the prevention and treatment of tumour lysis syndrome in children with cancer (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 30 participants | Low |
Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy vs no further treatment Overall survival (reported as mortality) · high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous HSCT Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy for high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous… (2017) · Cochrane | HR 0.87 [0.46, 1.63] | 1 study · 98 participants | Low |
Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy vs no further treatment Treatment‐related mortality ‐ not reported · high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous HSCT Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy for high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy vs no further treatment Progression‐free survival ‐ not reported · high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous HSCT Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy for high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy vs no further treatment Event‐free survival (reported as relapse, disease progression, death from any cause, or second neoplasm) · high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous HSCT Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy for high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous… (2017) · Cochrane | HR 0.86 [0.5, 1.49] | 1 study · 98 participants | Low |
Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy vs no further treatment Early toxicity ‐ not reported · high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous HSCT Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy for high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy vs no further treatment Late toxicity including secondary malignancies ‐ not reported · high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous HSCT Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy for high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy vs no further treatment Health‐related quality of life ‐ not reported · high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous HSCT Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy for high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Early discharge vs non‐early discharge Treatment failure; rehospitalization or adjustment of antimicrobial treatment, or both in number of episodes · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.91 [0.24, 3.5] | NR | Low |
Very early discharge vs early discharge Treatment failure; death · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Very early discharge vs early discharge Costs · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Very early discharge vs early discharge Duration of total antimicrobial treatment · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Very early discharge vs early discharge Duration of intravenous antimicrobial treatment · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Very early discharge vs early discharge Duration of oral antimicrobial treatment · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Very early discharge vs early discharge Quality of life · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Early discharge vs non‐early discharge Treatment failure; death · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Early discharge vs non‐early discharge Costs in USD · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Early discharge vs non‐early discharge Duration of total antimicrobial treatment in days · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Early discharge vs non‐early discharge Duration of intravenous antimicrobial treatment in days · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Early discharge vs non‐early discharge Duration of oral antimicrobial treatment in days · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Early discharge vs non‐early discharge Quality of life · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Very early discharge vs early discharge Treatment failure; rehospitalization or adjustment of antimicrobial treatment (or both) in number of episodes · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.54 [0.15, 1.89] | NR | Low |
Very early discharge vs early discharge Treatment failure; rehospitalization or adjustment of antimicrobial treatment (or both), only first episode in number of participants · children with cancer Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile… (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.32 [0.07, 1.4] | NR | Low |
Physical exercise training vs usual care 9‐minute run‐walk test wheeled distance counter · children and young adults during and after treatment for childhood cancer Physical exercise training interventions for children and young adults during and after treatment for… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 68 participants | Low |
Physical exercise training vs usual care General fatigue PedsQL ‐ Fatigue questionnaire ( · children and young adults during and after treatment for childhood cancer Physical exercise training interventions for children and young adults during and after treatment for… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 22 participants | Very low |
Physical exercise training vs usual care Timed up‐and‐down stairs test stopwatch · children and young adults during and after treatment for childhood cancer Physical exercise training interventions for children and young adults during and after treatment for… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 68 participants | Very low |
Physical exercise training vs usual care Timed up‐and‐go time test stopwatch · children and young adults during and after treatment for childhood cancer Physical exercise training interventions for children and young adults during and after treatment for… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Low |
Physical exercise training vs usual care Body composition outcomes · children and young adults during and after treatment for childhood cancer Physical exercise training interventions for children and young adults during and after treatment for… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Physical exercise training vs usual care Bone mineral density (total body) DXA scan · children and young adults during and after treatment for childhood cancer Physical exercise training interventions for children and young adults during and after treatment for… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 51 participants | Moderate |
Physical exercise training vs usual care BMI Quetelet Index · children and young adults during and after treatment for childhood cancer Physical exercise training interventions for children and young adults during and after treatment for… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 64 participants | Low |
Physical exercise training vs usual care Ankle dorsiflexion strength Hand‐held dynamometer · children and young adults during and after treatment for childhood cancer Physical exercise training interventions for children and young adults during and after treatment for… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 28 participants | Low |
Physical exercise training vs usual care Health‐related quality of life PedsQL ‐ General questionnaire ( · children and young adults during and after treatment for childhood cancer Physical exercise training interventions for children and young adults during and after treatment for… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 28 participants | Low |
Physical exercise training vs usual care Fatigue · children and young adults during and after treatment for childhood cancer Physical exercise training interventions for children and young adults during and after treatment for… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intracystic bleomycin vs other types of intracystic treatment Survival · cystic craniopharyngiomas in children from birth to 18 years old Intracystic bleomycin for cystic craniopharyngiomas in children (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intracystic bleomycin vs other types of intracystic treatment Change in cyst size · cystic craniopharyngiomas in children from birth to 18 years old Intracystic bleomycin for cystic craniopharyngiomas in children (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 7 participants | Very low |
Intracystic bleomycin vs other types of intracystic treatment Neurological status · cystic craniopharyngiomas in children from birth to 18 years old Intracystic bleomycin for cystic craniopharyngiomas in children (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Intracystic bleomycin vs other types of intracystic treatment Total number of adverse effects · cystic craniopharyngiomas in children from birth to 18 years old Intracystic bleomycin for cystic craniopharyngiomas in children (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.75 [0.68, 4.53] | 1 study · 7 participants | Very low |
Intracystic bleomycin vs other types of intracystic treatment Fever · cystic craniopharyngiomas in children from birth to 18 years old Intracystic bleomycin for cystic craniopharyngiomas in children (2016) · Cochrane | RR 2.92 [0.73, 11.7] | 1 study · 7 participants | Very low |
Intracystic bleomycin vs other types of intracystic treatment 3rd nerve paralysis · cystic craniopharyngiomas in children from birth to 18 years old Intracystic bleomycin for cystic craniopharyngiomas in children (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 7 participants | Very low |
Intracystic bleomycin vs other types of intracystic treatment Headache and vomiting · cystic craniopharyngiomas in children from birth to 18 years old Intracystic bleomycin for cystic craniopharyngiomas in children (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 7 participants | Very low |
Hyperfractionated radiotherapy vs conventional radiotherapy Overall survival · children and young adults with diffuse brainstem glioma Radiotherapy for diffuse brainstem glioma in children and young adults (2016) · Cochrane | HR 1.07 [0.75, 1.53] | 1 study · 130 participants | Low |
Hypofractionated radiotherapy vs conventional radiotherapy Event‐free survival · children and young adults with diffuse brainstem glioma Radiotherapy for diffuse brainstem glioma in children and young adults (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hypofractionated radiotherapy vs conventional radiotherapy Quality of life · children and young adults with diffuse brainstem glioma Radiotherapy for diffuse brainstem glioma in children and young adults (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hypofractionated radiotherapy vs conventional radiotherapy Neurological response · children and young adults with diffuse brainstem glioma Radiotherapy for diffuse brainstem glioma in children and young adults (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hypofractionated radiotherapy vs conventional radiotherapy Radiological response · children and young adults with diffuse brainstem glioma Radiotherapy for diffuse brainstem glioma in children and young adults (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hypofractionated radiotherapy vs conventional radiotherapy Toxicities · children and young adults with diffuse brainstem glioma Radiotherapy for diffuse brainstem glioma in children and young adults (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 71 participants | Low |