Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

165 questions · 173 findings · 17 reviews

No studies found 45 · 26%GRADE not reported 12 · 6.9%Very low 37 · 21.4%Low 50 · 28.9%Moderate 25 · 14.5%High 4 · 2.3%

Early vs late continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Failure of treatment ‐ death or intermittent positive‐pressure ventilation (IPPV) before hospital discharge · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Continuous negative extrathoracic pressure ventilation vs control

CPAP during hospital stay · children with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure

It is very uncertain whether continuous negative extrathoracic pressure ventilation changes CPAP during hospital stay compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bubble vs ventilator or Infant Flow Driver nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Treatment failure · preterm infants receiving nasal CPAP

Bubble may leads to lower treatment failure compared with ventilator or Infant Flow Driver nasal continuous positive airway… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bubble vs ventilator or Infant Flow Driver nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants receiving nasal CPAP

Bubble showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality before hospital discharge compared with ventilator or Infant Flow Driver nasal continuous positive airway… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bubble vs ventilator or Infant Flow Driver nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Pneumothorax · preterm infants receiving nasal CPAP

Bubble showed no clear difference in pneumothorax compared with ventilator or Infant Flow Driver nasal continuous positive airway… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bubble vs ventilator or Infant Flow Driver nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Moderate‐severe nasal injury · preterm infants receiving nasal CPAP

Bubble probably leads to higher moderate‐severe nasal injury compared with ventilator or Infant Flow Driver nasal continuous positive airway… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bubble vs ventilator or Infant Flow Driver nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia · preterm infants receiving nasal CPAP

Bubble showed no clear difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia compared with ventilator or Infant Flow Driver nasal continuous positive airway… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CPAP with expiratory pressure relief vs fixed CPAP

Withdrawals (parallel group trials/first arm cross‐over trials) · adults with a diagnosis of sleep apnoea

CPAP with expiratory pressure relief showed no clear difference in withdrawals (parallel group trials/first arm cross‐over trials) compared with fixed CPAP (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early vs late continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Use of IPPV before discharge · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support

It is very uncertain whether early changes use of IPPV before discharge compared with late continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review