Persons with renal disease (calculi or insufficiency) ‐ Vitamin D (D2, D3 or 25(OH)D) plus calcium (1 year estimate) · post‐menopausal women and older people at risk of osteoporotic fractures
Vitamin D [D2, D3 or 25(OH)D] plus calcium leads to higher persons with renal disease (calculi or insufficiency) ‐ Vitamin D… compared with control or placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Deaths ‐ Vitamin D (D2, D3, 25(OH)D) plus calcium (1 year estimate) · post‐menopausal women and older people at risk of osteoporotic fractures
Vitamin D [D2, D3 or 25(OH)D] plus calcium showed no clear difference in deaths ‐ Vitamin D (D2, D3, 25(OH)D) plus calcium (1 year estimate) compared with control or placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serum phosphorus · people with CKD‐MBD
1 finding from 1 review
Alkaline phosphatase · people with CKD‐MBD
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · people with CKD‐MBD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Cardiovascular events · people with CKD‐MBD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Fracture · people with CKD‐MBD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Death or dependency at end of · people with acute ischemic stroke
Calcium antagonists showed no clear difference in death or dependency at end of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death at the end of treatment · people with acute ischemic stroke
Calcium antagonists showed no clear difference in death at the end of treatment compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death at the end of · people with acute ischemic stroke
Calcium antagonists showed no clear difference in death at the end of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrence of stroke at the end of · people with acute ischemic stroke
Calcium antagonists showed no clear difference in recurrence of stroke at the end of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events during treatment period · people with acute ischemic stroke
Calcium antagonists showed no clear difference in adverse events during treatment period compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypotension · people with acute ischemic stroke
Calcium antagonists showed no clear difference in hypotension during treatment period compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Systolic blood pressure · people with acute ischemic stroke
Calcium antagonists showed no clear difference in mean systolic blood pressure during or at end of treatment compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total hip BMD · premenopausal women (ages 18–36 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) · premenopausal women (ages 18–36 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life · premenopausal women (ages 18–36 years)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Vertebral fracture · premenopausal women (ages 18–36 years)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Non‐vertebral fractures · premenopausal women (ages 18–36 years)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Acceptability: total withdrawals · premenopausal women (ages 18–36 years)
Calcium and vitamin D showed no clear difference in withdrawals from the study for any reason compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review