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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

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Intervention or exposure

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Review versions

1,645 questions in 107 reviews · Wounds

current versions

No studies 651 · 39.6%Ungraded 84 · 5.1%Very low 554 · 33.7%Low 283 · 17.2%Moderate 64 · 3.9%High 9 · 0.5%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Honey vs conventional dressings Complete healing (time to healing)(days) · patients with Minor acute wounds Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 213 participants	Very low
Honey vs conventional dressings Quality of life5 · patients with Burns Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Honey vs silver sulfadiazine Complete healing · patients with Burns Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1 [0.98, 1.02]	6 studies · 462 participants	High
Honey vs silver sulfadiazine Mean time to complete healing (days) · patients with Burns Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 332 participants	Very low
Honey vs silver sulfadiazine Adverse events · patients with Burns Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.29 [0.2, 0.42]	6 studies · 412 participants	High
Honey vs silver sulfadiazine Negative wound swab · patients with Burns Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	RR 3.92 [1.32, 11.63]	5 studies · 412 participants	Very low
Honey vs silver sulfadiazine Costs Cost of dressing per percent TBSA affected · patients with Burns Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 50 participants	Low
Honey vs silver sulfadiazine Quality of Life6 · patients with Burns Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Complete healing (time to healing) · patients with Venous leg ulcers Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	HR 1.1 [0.8, 1.5]	1 study · 368 participants	Low
Intervention NR Complete healing (proportion wounds healed) · patients with Venous leg ulcers Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.15 [0.96, 1.38]	2 studies · 476 participants	Low
Intervention NR Adverse events · patients with Venous leg ulcers Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.28 [1.05, 1.56]	1 study · 368 participants	Low
Honey vs conventional dressings Adverse events · patients with Minor acute wounds Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.19 [0.69, 2.05]	1 study · 82 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Infection · patients with Venous leg ulcers Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.71 [0.49, 1.04]	2 studies · 476 participants	Low
Intervention NR Costs Incremental cost effectiveness ratio · patients with Venous leg ulcers Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 368 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Quality of Life SF‐36 PCS · patients with Venous leg ulcers Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 368 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Quality of Life SF‐36 MCS · patients with Venous leg ulcers Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 368 participants	Moderate
Honey vs conventional dressings Infection · patients with Minor acute wounds Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.91 [0.13, 6.37]	3 studies · 151 participants	Very low
Honey vs conventional dressings Costs Average dressing cost per patient · patients with Minor acute wounds Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 82 participants	Very low
Honey vs conventional dressings Quality of Life6 · patients with Minor acute wounds Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Honey vs conventional dressings Complete healing (time to healing)(days) Mean time to healing · patients with Burns Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 992 participants	High
Honey vs conventional dressings Adverse events · patients with Burns Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.56 [0.15, 2.06]	2 studies · 992 participants	Very low
Honey vs conventional dressings Negative wound swab · patients with Burns Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.31 [1.01, 1.7]	1 study · 92 participants	Very low
Honey vs conventional dressings Costs5 · patients with Burns Honey as a topical treatment for wounds (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Surgical site infection (all wound classifications) Inspection of the wound1 ( · Patients undergoing surgery Use of plastic adhesive drapes during surgery for preventing surgical site infection (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.23 [1.02, 1.48]	5 studies · 3082 participants	High
Intervention NR Surgical site infection Inspection of the wound1 ( · Patients undergoing surgery Use of plastic adhesive drapes during surgery for preventing surgical site infection (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.03 [0.66, 1.6]	2 studies · 1113 participants	Moderate
Ozone vs antibiotic treatments Number of ulcers healed · patients with treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.1 [0.87, 1.4]	1 study · 100 participants	Low
Ozone vs antibiotic treatments Reduction in ulcer area · patients with treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 100 participants	Low
Ozone vs antibiotic treatments Length of hospitalisation · patients with treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 100 participants	Low
Ozone + usual care vs sham ozone + usual care Number of ulcers healed · patients with treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.69 [0.9, 3.17]	2 studies · 111 participants	Low
Ozone + usual care vs sham ozone + usual care Reduction in ulcer area · patients with treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 111 participants	Very low
Ozone + usual care vs sham ozone + usual care Adverse events/complications · patients with treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes (2015) · Cochrane	RR 2.27 [0.48, 10.79]	1 study · 61 participants	Low
Ozone + usual care vs sham ozone + usual care amputation · patients with treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes (2015) · Cochrane	RR 2.73 [0.12, 64.42]	1 study · 61 participants	Low
Any growth factor vs placebo or no growth factor Complete wound closure · foot ulcers in people with diabetes Growth factors for treating diabetic foot ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.51 [1.31, 1.73]	12 studies · 1316 participants	Low
Any growth factor vs placebo or no growth factor Lower limb amputation (minimum of one toe) · foot ulcers in people with diabetes Growth factors for treating diabetic foot ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.74 [0.39, 1.39]	2 studies · 219 participants	Very low
Any growth factor vs placebo or no growth factor Ulcer‐free days following treatment for diabetic foot ulcers (free from any recurrence) · foot ulcers in people with diabetes Growth factors for treating diabetic foot ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 55 participants	Ungraded
Any growth factor vs placebo or no growth factor Time to complete healing of the diabetic foot ulcer · foot ulcers in people with diabetes Growth factors for treating diabetic foot ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Any growth factor vs placebo or no growth factor Quality of life · foot ulcers in people with diabetes Growth factors for treating diabetic foot ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Any growth factor vs placebo or no growth factor Adverse events (non‐serious and serious) · foot ulcers in people with diabetes Growth factors for treating diabetic foot ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.98 [0.79, 1.22]	4 studies · 385 participants	Low
Early vs delayed post‐operative bathing and showering Surgical site infection · patients with closed post‐operative incisions Early versus delayed post‐operative bathing or showering to prevent wound complications (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.96 [0.62, 1.48]	1 study · 857 participants	Very low
Alginate dressing (Sorbsan®) vs alternative alginate dressing (Tegagen™ High Gelling) Time to healing · people with venous leg ulceration Alginate dressings for venous leg ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Alginate dressing vs hydrocolloid dressing Proportion of participants experiencing adverse effects at 6 weeks · people with venous leg ulceration Alginate dressings for venous leg ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.47 [0.53, 4.03]	1 study · 40 participants	Very low
Alginate dressing vs hydrocolloid dressing Health‐related quality of life · people with venous leg ulceration Alginate dressings for venous leg ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Alginate dressing vs plain non‐adherent dressing Time to healing · people with venous leg ulceration Alginate dressings for venous leg ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Alginate dressing vs plain non‐adherent dressing Proportion of participants with healed ulcers · people with venous leg ulceration Alginate dressings for venous leg ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.08 [0.86, 1.36]	1 study · 60 participants	Very low
Alginate dressing vs plain non‐adherent dressing Mean change in wound size, with adjustment for baseline size · people with venous leg ulceration Alginate dressings for venous leg ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Alginate dressing vs plain non‐adherent dressing Adverse effects · people with venous leg ulceration Alginate dressings for venous leg ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Alginate dressing vs plain non‐adherent dressing Health‐related quality of life · people with venous leg ulceration Alginate dressings for venous leg ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Alginate dressing (Sorbsan®) vs alternative alginate dressing (Tegagen™ High Gelling) Proportion of participants with healed ulcers · people with venous leg ulceration Alginate dressings for venous leg ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	RR 6 [0.32, 111.04]	1 study · 20 participants	Very low
Alginate dressing (Sorbsan®) vs alternative alginate dressing (Tegagen™ High Gelling) Mean change in wound size, with adjustment for baseline size · people with venous leg ulceration Alginate dressings for venous leg ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Alginate dressing (Sorbsan®) vs alternative alginate dressing (Tegagen™ High Gelling) Adverse effects · people with venous leg ulceration Alginate dressings for venous leg ulcers (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded