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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,590 questions in 129 reviews · Gynaecological, Neuro-oncology and Orphan Cancer
current versionsNo studies 281 · 17.7%Ungraded 74 · 4.7%Very low 410 · 25.8%Low 420 · 26.4%Moderate 280 · 17.6%High 125 · 7.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention NR Death from all causes · patients with early stage cervical cancer Adjuvant platinum‐based chemotherapy for early stage cervical cancer (2016) · Cochrane | HR 0.56 [0.36, 0.87] | 2 studies · 297 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Disease progression · patients with early stage cervical cancer Adjuvant platinum‐based chemotherapy for early stage cervical cancer (2016) · Cochrane | HR 0.47 [0.3, 0.74] | 2 studies · 297 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Grade 4 toxicity3 · patients with early stage cervical cancer Adjuvant platinum‐based chemotherapy for early stage cervical cancer (2016) · Cochrane | RR 6.26 [2.5, 15.67] | 3 studies · 321 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Disease progression · patients with early stage cervical cancer Adjuvant platinum‐based chemotherapy for early stage cervical cancer (2016) · Cochrane | HR 1.34 [0.24, 7.66] | 1 study · 71 participants | Low |
Local anaesthetic infiltration (lignocaine 2%) vs saline injection Pain scores during procedure (VAS: 0 to 100) · women undergoing outpatient colposcopy treatment Pain relief for women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia undergoing colposcopy treatment (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 130 participants | Low |
Local anaesthetic plus vasoconstrictor vs no analgesia Pain scores during procedure (VAS: 0 to 100) · women undergoing outpatient colposcopy treatment Pain relief for women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia undergoing colposcopy treatment (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 95 participants | Low |
Oral analgesia vs placebo Pain scores during procedure (VAS: 0 to 100) · women undergoing outpatient colposcopy treatment Pain relief for women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia undergoing colposcopy treatment (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 129 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Primary cure (remission) · women withe low‐risk GTN First‐line chemotherapy in low‐risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.65 [0.57, 0.75] | 6 studies · 577 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Failure of first‐line therapy · women withe low‐risk GTN First‐line chemotherapy in low‐risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 3.55 [1.81, 6.95] | 6 studies · 577 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Severe adverse events (≥ grade 3) · women withe low‐risk GTN First‐line chemotherapy in low‐risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.35 [0.08, 1.66] | 5 studies · 515 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Nausea · women withe low‐risk GTN First‐line chemotherapy in low‐risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.61 [0.29, 1.26] | 4 studies · 466 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Alopecia · women withe low‐risk GTN First‐line chemotherapy in low‐risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Leuprorelin vs treosulfan Progression‐free survival at 6 months№ of participants: 73(1 RCT) · Platinum‐resistant and refractory (relapsed) epithelial ovarian cancer Luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists for the treatment of relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.61 [0.22, 1.68] | NR | Very low |
Leuprorelin vs treosulfan Progression‐free survival at 12 months№ of participants: 73(1 RCT) · Platinum‐resistant and refractory (relapsed) epithelial ovarian cancer Luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists for the treatment of relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.65 [0.12, 3.66] | NR | Very low |
Leuprorelin vs treosulfan Overall survival · Platinum‐resistant and refractory (relapsed) epithelial ovarian cancer Luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists for the treatment of relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer (2016) · Cochrane | HR 0.98 [0.58, 1.67] | NR | Very low |
Leuprorelin vs treosulfan Skin toxicity (alopecia)№ of participants: 73(1 RCT) · Platinum‐resistant and refractory (relapsed) epithelial ovarian cancer Luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists for the treatment of relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.32 [0.12, 0.91] | NR | Very low |
Leuprorelin vs treosulfan Gastrointestinal toxicity (nausea and vomiting)№ of participants: 73(1 RCT) · Platinum‐resistant and refractory (relapsed) epithelial ovarian cancer Luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists for the treatment of relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.65 [0.12, 3.66] | NR | Very low |
Leuprorelin vs treosulfan Neurotoxicity№ of participants: 73(1 RCT) · Platinum‐resistant and refractory (relapsed) epithelial ovarian cancer Luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists for the treatment of relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.32 [0.01, 7.71] | NR | Very low |
Leuprorelin vs treosulfan Neutropenia grade 3/4№ of participants: 73(1 RCT) · Platinum‐resistant and refractory (relapsed) epithelial ovarian cancer Luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists for the treatment of relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Intervention NR Physical well‐being SF‐36 Physical Component Summary Score 0 to 100, higher scores indicate higher levels of physical well‐being Immediately post‐intervention · Cancer patients with cognitive impairment due to systemic cancer treatment Non‐pharmacological interventions for cognitive impairment due to systemic cancer treatment (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 95 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Physical well‐being SF‐36 Physical Component Summary Score 0‐100, higher scores indicate higher levels of physical well‐being Two‐months post‐intervention · Cancer patients with cognitive impairment due to systemic cancer treatment Non‐pharmacological interventions for cognitive impairment due to systemic cancer treatment (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 95 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Psychological well‐being SF‐36 Mental Component Summary Score 0 to 100, higher scores indicate higher levels of physical well‐being Immediately post‐intervention · Cancer patients with cognitive impairment due to systemic cancer treatment Non‐pharmacological interventions for cognitive impairment due to systemic cancer treatment (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 95 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Psychological well‐being SF‐36 Mental Component Summary Score 0 to 100, higher scores indicate higher levels of physical well‐being Two‐months post‐intervention · Cancer patients with cognitive impairment due to systemic cancer treatment Non‐pharmacological interventions for cognitive impairment due to systemic cancer treatment (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 95 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Estimated total blood loss (mL) · adult women with advanced EOC undergoing cytoreductive surgery (one randomised trial available) Effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 100 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Number of transfused units of red blood cell (RBC) · adult women with advanced EOC undergoing cytoreductive surgery (one randomised trial available) Effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 100 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Number of transfused units of plasma · adult women with advanced EOC undergoing cytoreductive surgery (one randomised trial available) Effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian… (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 100 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Rate of RBC transfusion (total number of participants who required at least one unit of red blood cell transfusion) Time: perioperative and postoperative periods · adult women with advanced EOC undergoing cytoreductive surgery (one randomised trial available) Effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian… (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.68 [0.4, 1.15] | 1 study · 100 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Rate of plasma transfusion (total number of participants who required at least one unit of plasma transfusion) Time: perioperative and postoperative periods · adult women with advanced EOC undergoing cytoreductive surgery (one randomised trial available) Effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian… (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.44 [0.15, 1.35] | 1 study · 100 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Reoperation (Number of participants with at least one reoperation) Time: perioperative periods · adult women with advanced EOC undergoing cytoreductive surgery (one randomised trial available) Effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian… (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.83 [0.27, 2.55] | 1 study · 100 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Readmission (Number of participants with at least one readmission) Time: perioperative periods) · adult women with advanced EOC undergoing cytoreductive surgery (one randomised trial available) Effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian… (2016) · Cochrane | RR 2.75 [0.94, 8.06] | 1 study · 100 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Venous thromboembolic events (number of participants with at least one venous thromboembolic events) Time: 5‐week · adult women with advanced EOC undergoing cytoreductive surgery (one randomised trial available) Effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian… (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.5 [0.1, 2.61] | 1 study · 100 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Arterial thromboembolic events (number of participants with at least one venous thromboembolic events) Time: 5‐week · adult women with advanced EOC undergoing cytoreductive surgery (one randomised trial available) Effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian… (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.33 [0.01, 7.99] | 1 study · 100 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs placebo Response to treatment at 5 to 6 months ‐ overall response · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 11.95 [3.21, 44.51] | 3 studies · 104 participants | High |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs cidofovir Response to treatment at 6 months ‐ complete response · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.73, 1.37] | 1 study · 180 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs cidofovir Pain ‐ any grade · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.16 [0.92, 1.47] | 1 study · 168 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs cidofovir Fatigue ‐ any grade · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.25 [1.02, 1.55] | 1 study · 168 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs cidofovir Headache ‐ any grade · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.49 [1.12, 1.98] | 1 study · 168 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs cidofovir Total serious adverse events · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.26 [0.88, 1.81] | 1 study · 168 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs cidofovir Treatment discontinuation · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.33 [0.65, 2.74] | 1 study · 176 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Surgical excision versus laser vaporisationor other · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 73 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Laser vaporisation versus CUSA · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.53 [0.56, 4.15] | 1 study · 30 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Photodynamic therapy versus laser vaporisationand surgical excision · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 52 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR LEEP versus laser vaporisation and surgical excision · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 62 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs placebo Response to treatment at 5 to 6 months ‐ complete response · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 14.4 [2.97, 69.8] | 3 studies · 104 participants | High |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs placebo Response to treatment at 12 months ‐ overall response · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 9.1 [2.38, 34.77] | 1 study · 47 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs placebo Response to treatment at 12 months ‐ complete response · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 18.24 [1.12, 296.41] | 1 study · 47 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs placebo Progression to vulval cancer at 12 months · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.48 [0.05, 4.93] | 1 study · 47 participants | Low |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs placebo HPV DNA persistence · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.43 [0.26, 0.72] | 1 study · 47 participants | High |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs placebo Pain ‐ any grade · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 3.43 [1.8, 6.52] | 1 study · 52 participants | High |
Summary of findings for imiquimod vs placebo Dose reductions · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 7.77 [1.61, 37.36] | 2 studies · 83 participants | High |