Caries experience (mean DMFT) · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs
Mean DMFT ranges from 0.26 to 16.6 across LMIC urban/slum populations; ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Dental trauma prevalence · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs
Dental trauma appears more common in urban and disadvantaged settings; ungraded, few studies.
1 finding from 1 review
Use of toothbrush and toothpaste for mouth cleaning · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs
Toothbrush/paste is the commonest cleaning method but is used less in slum/disadvantaged/rural groups than urban/non-slum groups; ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Pattern of dental service utilisation and barriers · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs
Dental service use is low, episodic and pain-driven, with widespread self-care and cost/funding barriers; ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Utilisation was generally low, episodic and mostly problem/pain-driven (pain-driven visits ~70-99%); widespread self-care/home remedies were used as alternatives to professional care; lack of funds/cost, income, age,…
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Frequency of mouth cleaning · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs
Twice-daily cleaning (recommended) is uncommon; most clean once, in the morning; ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Oral disease burden, slum vs non-slum urban comparison · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs
Where compared, oral disease burden is generally higher in slums than non-slum urban/national populations (5 studies; 1 found no difference); ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries prevalence · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs
Dental caries prevalence in LMIC urban/slum populations ranges widely (13%-76%); not GRADE-rated (narrative synthesis).
1 finding from 1 review
Prevalence of dental caries varied across age, gender and socioeconomic class, ranging from 13% (Nigeria) to 76% (Central India); prevalence >50% reported in India, Brazil, Malaysia and Rwanda; generally higher in…
14 studies
GRADE not reported
Self-perceived (self-rated) oral health status · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs
Most participants perceive their oral health as satisfactory (one study 39%), more so among younger, male, higher-SES and employed people; ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Use of alternative/indigenous mouth-cleaning implements · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs
Indigenous/alternative cleaning tools and home remedies are widely used, more so in rural/slum groups; ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Alternative implements included toothpowder, chewing-stick, neem, charcoal, sand, snuff, salt, miswak, cotton wool and the fingers; native/indigenous tools were used more by rural and slum/disadvantaged residents than…
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Predictive performance of the Cariogram for caries increment (positive likelihood ratio, LR+) · Children/adolescents (coronal caries) and older adults (root caries); populations from areas with varying caries risk
Modified Cariogram models showed modest positive likelihood ratios (LR+ ~1.1-3.8) for predicting caries increment, generally below the useful threshold; no pooled estimate; ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Predictive performance of the Cariogram for caries increment (negative likelihood ratio, LR-) · Children/adolescents (coronal caries) and older adults (root caries); populations from areas with varying caries risk
Modified Cariogram models showed negative likelihood ratios of about 0.5-0.61, above the useful rule-out threshold; no pooled estimate; ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Oral health-related quality of life · Indian adults and elderly (general, police, teachers, institutionalised)
No difference in OHRQoL was seen between groups for periodontal disease by LOA on OHIP-14/OIDP (pooled SMD -0.04, CI includes 0); ungraded.
3 findings from 1 review
SMD -0.04 [-2.01, 1.92]
4 studies · 3414 participants
Very low
Periodontal disease (LOA) and QoL (continuous, GOHAI): one study reported a significant negative impact (Rekhi 2016), one found no significant association (Marya 2020). Not pooled.
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Periodontal disease (LOA) and QoL (dichotomous): two studies found a significant association (Saxena 2018, Abhishek 2016), one denied it (Nagarajappa 2015, P=0.687). Not pooled.
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Oral health-related quality of life · Indian elderly and general-population adults
Prosthetic need was significantly associated with poorer OHRQoL in both included studies (moderate certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
Prosthetic need vs none: both included studies showed a significant association with poor QoL (Nagarajappa 2015, Shivakumar 2018); 950 participants, 2 observational studies; Moderate certainty (Fig 1 GRADE SoF). No…
2 studies · 950 participants
Moderate
Prosthetic need and QoL (continuous, OHIP-14): prosthetic need was significantly related to various components of OHRQoL (Joseph 2016). Single study, not pooled.
1 study
GRADE not reported
Prosthetic need and QoL (continuous, GOHAI): of three studies, one found no significant difference (Shetty 2013) and two proved the association (Pillai 2015, Rekhi 2018). Not pooled.
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Restoration failure · Children (3-13 years) with dentine caries in primary teeth, no pulpal involvement
ART with GIC was reported to increase the odds of restoration failure versus conventional restoration (OR 1.60; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain during the procedure (primary analysis) · Children (3-13 years) with dentine caries in primary teeth, no pulpal involvement
The reported estimate for procedural pain with ART versus conventional treatment was inconclusive (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Probing pocket depth · Adults (general and hospital populations assessed in case-control studies)
Probing depth is significantly increased in systemic sclerosis patients (SMD 3.10) with very high heterogeneity; certainty ungraded.
3 findings from 1 review
SMD 3.101 [1.374, 4.829]
7 studies
GRADE not reported
Oral manifestations of patients with systemic sclerosis: a meta-analysis for case-controlled studies. 2021 All outcomesHospital/clinic-based case-control studies from Asia, America and Europe · Other/non-Asia (Da Silva 2019, Iordache 2019, Isola 2017, Pischon 2016)
SMD 4.86 [1.61, 8.10]
4 studies
GRADE not reported
Oral manifestations of patients with systemic sclerosis: a meta-analysis for case-controlled studies. 2021 All outcomesHospital/clinic-based case-control studies from Asia, America and Europe · Asia (Elimelech 2015, Leung 2011, Mayer 2013)
SMD 1.113 [0.751, 1.476]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Failure of therapy · Children and/or adults with permanent or primary teeth, vital (sensitive) pulps, and cavitated or dentine carious lesions conventionally…
It is very uncertain whether non-selective carious tissue removal and conventional restoration (CR) changes failure of therapy compared with selective carious tissue removal (selective excavation, SE) (very low certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
Sites with probing depth >= 4 mm · Adults (general and hospital populations assessed in case-control studies)
Sites with probing depth >= 4 mm are significantly more frequent in SSc patients (SMD 2.07); certainty ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
SMD 2.071 [0.267, 3.875]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Dental caries prevalence · General population (children and adults) in East Africa
Caries prevalence in permanent dentition (>=12 years) was 50.2% (95% CI 38.4 to 62.1); certainty not graded.
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Dental caries prevalence · General population (children and adults) in East Africa
The pooled prevalence of dental caries in East Africa (2000-2020) was 45.7% (95% CI 38.0 to 53.4); certainty not graded.
1 finding from 1 review