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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,558 questions in 115 reviews · Vascular
current versionsNo studies 346 · 22.2%Ungraded 90 · 5.8%Very low 281 · 18%Low 477 · 30.6%Moderate 313 · 20.1%High 51 · 3.3%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Transverse groin incision vs vertical groin incision Neurological deficit (e.g. paresthesia) · patients undergoing surgery with femoral artery approach Transverse versus vertical groin incision for femoral artery approach (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Anticoagulant vs no intervention or placebo Recurrence of VTE ( · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.34 [0.15, 0.77] | 5 studies · 496 participants | High |
Anticoagulation for three months or more vs anticoagulation Recurrence of DVT ( · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.32 [0.16, 0.64] | 2 studies · 389 participants | High |
Anticoagulation for three months or more vs anticoagulation PE ( · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.05 [0.19, 5.88] | 2 studies · 389 participants | Low |
Anticoagulation for three months or more vs anticoagulation Clinically relevant non‐major bleeding ( · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.76 [0.9, 3.42] | 2 studies · 389 participants | Low |
Anticoagulation for three months or more vs anticoagulation Overall mortality · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Anticoagulation for three months or more vs anticoagulation Mortality related to PE ( · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 197 participants | Ungraded |
Anticoagulant vs no intervention or placebo Major bleeding ( · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.76 [0.13, 4.62] | 4 studies · 480 participants | Low |
Anticoagulant vs no intervention or placebo Recurrence of DVT ( · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.25 [0.1, 0.67] | 5 studies · 496 participants | High |
Anticoagulant vs no intervention or placebo PE ( · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.81 [0.18, 3.59] | 4 studies · 480 participants | Low |
Anticoagulant vs no intervention or placebo Clinically relevant non‐major bleeding ( · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 3.34 [1.07, 10.46] | 2 studies · 322 participants | High |
Anticoagulant vs no intervention or placebo Overall mortality ( · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 3.2 [0.13, 77.69] | 3 studies · 430 participants | Low |
Anticoagulant vs no intervention or placebo Mortality related to PE ( · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 430 participants | Ungraded |
Anticoagulation for three months or more vs anticoagulation Recurrence of VTE ( · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.42 [0.26, 0.68] | 3 studies · 736 participants | High |
Anticoagulation for three months or more vs anticoagulation Major bleeding ( · people with distal DVT Treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis (2020) · Cochrane | RR 3.42 [0.36, 32.35] | 2 studies · 389 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Severity of post‐thrombotic syndromeb ( · adults with PTS Compression therapy for treating post‐thrombotic syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 69 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Adverse effects ( · adults with PTS Compression therapy for treating post‐thrombotic syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Patient satisfaction and quality of life · adults with PTS Compression therapy for treating post‐thrombotic syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Compliance rate · adults with PTS Compression therapy for treating post‐thrombotic syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Severity post‐thrombotic syndromeb ( · adults with PTS Compression therapy for treating post‐thrombotic syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 47 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Adverse effects ( · adults with PTS Compression therapy for treating post‐thrombotic syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 32 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Patient satisfaction and quality of life ( · adults with PTS Compression therapy for treating post‐thrombotic syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 32 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Compliance rate · adults with PTS Compression therapy for treating post‐thrombotic syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Effects of clinically‐indicated replacement vs routine change of peripheral intravenous catheters Catheter‐related blood stream infection (during hospitalisation) · any patient requiring a PIVC expected to remain in‐situ for at least 3 days Clinically‐indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.61 [0.08, 4.68] | 7 studies · 7323 participants | Low |
Effects of clinically‐indicated replacement vs routine change of peripheral intravenous catheters Thrombophlebitis (during hospitalisation) · any patient requiring a PIVC expected to remain in‐situ for at least 3 days Clinically‐indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.93, 1.25] | 7 studies · 7323 participants | Moderate |
Effects of clinically‐indicated replacement vs routine change of peripheral intravenous catheters Thrombophlebitis (per device days) (during hospitalisation) · any patient requiring a PIVC expected to remain in‐situ for at least 3 days Clinically‐indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.9 [0.76, 1.08] | 6 studies · 32709 participants | Moderate |
Effects of clinically‐indicated replacement vs routine change of peripheral intravenous catheters All‐cause blood stream infection (during hospitalisation) · any patient requiring a PIVC expected to remain in‐situ for at least 3 days Clinically‐indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.47 [0.15, 1.53] | 1 study · 3283 participants | Moderate |
Effects of clinically‐indicated replacement vs routine change of peripheral intravenous catheters Cost (during hospitalisation) · any patient requiring a PIVC expected to remain in‐situ for at least 3 days Clinically‐indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 4244 participants | Moderate |
Effects of clinically‐indicated replacement vs routine change of peripheral intravenous catheters Infiltration (during hospitalisation) · any patient requiring a PIVC expected to remain in‐situ for at least 3 days Clinically‐indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.16 [1.06, 1.26] | 6 studies · 7123 participants | Moderate |
Effects of clinically‐indicated replacement vs routine change of peripheral intravenous catheters Catheter blockage (during hospitalisation) · any patient requiring a PIVC expected to remain in‐situ for at least 3 days Clinically‐indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.14 [1.01, 1.29] | 7 studies · 7323 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Primary patency rate at 4 yearsa · patients older than 50 years with asymptomatic PAA Endovascular versus open repair of asymptomatic popliteal artery aneurysm (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.76, 1.32] | NR | Moderate |
Intervention NR Assisted primary patency rate at 4 years · patients older than 50 years with asymptomatic PAA Endovascular versus open repair of asymptomatic popliteal artery aneurysm (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.76, 1.32] | NR | Moderate |
Intervention NR Hospital stay in days · patients older than 50 years with asymptomatic PAA Endovascular versus open repair of asymptomatic popliteal artery aneurysm (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Intervention NR Operating time in mins · patients older than 50 years with asymptomatic PAA Endovascular versus open repair of asymptomatic popliteal artery aneurysm (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
TNF‐α blockers intervention vs placebo or additional treatment Treatment resistance · children with Kawasaki disease TNF‐α blockers for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.57 [0.38, 0.86] | 5 studies · 494 participants | Low |
TNF‐α blockers intervention vs placebo or additional treatment Incidence of coronary artery abnormalities · children with Kawasaki disease TNF‐α blockers for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.18 [0.45, 3.12] | 3 studies · 270 participants | Low |
TNF‐α blockers intervention vs placebo or additional treatment Adverse effects after treatment initiation: infusion reactions · children with Kawasaki disease TNF‐α blockers for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.06 [0.01, 0.45] | 3 studies · 250 participants | Low |
TNF‐α blockers intervention vs placebo or additional treatment Adverse effects after treatment initiation: infections · children with Kawasaki disease TNF‐α blockers for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.68 [0.33, 1.37] | 2 studies · 227 participants | Low |
TNF‐α blockers intervention vs placebo or additional treatment Adverse effects after treatment initiation: cutaneous reactions (rash) · children with Kawasaki disease TNF‐α blockers for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children (2019) · Cochrane | RR 4.71 [0.24, 90.69] | 1 study · 31 participants | Very low |
TNF‐α blockers intervention vs placebo or additional treatment Adverse effects after treatment initiation: cutaneous reactions (contact dermatitis) · children with Kawasaki disease TNF‐α blockers for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.31 [0.04, 2.68] | 1 study · 31 participants | Very low |
TNF‐α blockers intervention vs placebo or additional treatment Adverse effects after treatment initiation: injection site reactions, neutropenia, infections, demyelinating disease, heart failure, malignancy, and induction of autoimmunity. · children with Kawasaki disease TNF‐α blockers for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Drug‐eluting balloon angioplasty at 6 months vs uncoated balloon angioplasty at 6 months Amputation · patients with in‐stent restenosis of the femoropopliteal arteries Drug‐eluting balloon angioplasty versus uncoated balloon angioplasty for the treatment of in‐stent… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 263 participants | Very low |
Drug‐eluting balloon angioplasty at 6 months vs uncoated balloon angioplasty at 6 months Target lesion revascularization (TLR) · patients with in‐stent restenosis of the femoropopliteal arteries Drug‐eluting balloon angioplasty versus uncoated balloon angioplasty for the treatment of in‐stent… (2019) · Cochrane | OR 0.05 [0, 0.92] | 1 study · 70 participants | Very low |
Drug‐eluting balloon angioplasty at 6 months vs uncoated balloon angioplasty at 6 months Binary restenosis · patients with in‐stent restenosis of the femoropopliteal arteries Drug‐eluting balloon angioplasty versus uncoated balloon angioplasty for the treatment of in‐stent… (2019) · Cochrane | OR 0.28 [0.14, 0.56] | 2 studies · 189 participants | Very low |
Drug‐eluting balloon angioplasty at 6 months vs uncoated balloon angioplasty at 6 months Death · patients with in‐stent restenosis of the femoropopliteal arteries Drug‐eluting balloon angioplasty versus uncoated balloon angioplasty for the treatment of in‐stent… (2019) · Cochrane | OR 0.93 [0.13, 6.71] | 3 studies · 263 participants | Very low |
Drug‐eluting balloon angioplasty at 6 months vs uncoated balloon angioplasty at 6 months Improvement ≥ 1 Rutherford category · patients with in‐stent restenosis of the femoropopliteal arteries Drug‐eluting balloon angioplasty versus uncoated balloon angioplasty for the treatment of in‐stent… (2019) · Cochrane | OR 1.81 [1.02, 3.21] | 2 studies · 193 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) · Hospitalised patients1 Graduated compression stockings for prevention of deep vein thrombosis (2018) · Cochrane | OR 0.35 [0.28, 0.43] | 20 studies · 2853 participants | High |
Intervention NR Proximal DVT · Patients hospitalised following acute myocardial infarction Graduated compression stockings for prevention of deep vein thrombosis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pulmonary embolism · Patients hospitalised following acute myocardial infarction Graduated compression stockings for prevention of deep vein thrombosis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse effects and complications · Patients hospitalised following acute myocardial infarction Graduated compression stockings for prevention of deep vein thrombosis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |