Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

954 questions · 963 findings · 130 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 181 · 18.8%GRADE not reported 71 · 7.4%Very low 163 · 16.9%Low 311 · 32.3%Moderate 163 · 16.9%High 74 · 7.7%

SULPIRIDE vs placebo

Safety assessments ‐ medium term ‐ not measured · patients with schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sulpiride versus placebo for schizophrenia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

rTMS + pharmacotherapy vs sham rTMS + pharmacotherapy

Safety of rTMS: Frequency of rTMS side effects (values are percentages) self‐reported questionnaire · participants with panic disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for panic disorder in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Erythropoietin (subcutaneous or intravenous at varying dosages) vs placebo

Adverse events and drug reactions · anemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents for anemia in rheumatoid arthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 3 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

All cause fetal mortality · pregnant women at term.

1 finding from 1 review

Prostaglandins before caesarean section for preventing neonatal respiratory distress 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 36 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Patient's evaluation of the intervention (including perceptions of safety) · Pregnant women undergoing prenatal serum screening for Down syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile phone messaging for communicating results of medical investigations 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Laparoscopic vs diagnostic laparoscopy

fetal loss per couple randomised · patients with subfertility associated with endometriosis

Laparoscopic surgery showed no clear difference in fetal loss per couple randomised compared with diagnostic laparoscopy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laparoscopic surgery for subfertility associated with endometriosis 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.33 [0.6, 2.94]
2 studies · 437 participants
Low

AFI vs SDVP: summary of findings table

Caesarean delivery for fetal distress · pregnant women to prevent adverse pregnancy outcome

AFI probably leads to higher caesarean delivery for fetal distress compared with SDVP: summary of findings table (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Amniotic fluid index versus single deepest vertical pocket as a screening test for preventing adverse pregnancy outcome 2008 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.46 [1.08, 1.96]
5 studies · 3226 participants
Moderate

Labour induction vs expectant management

Caesarean section · women with term or near term (> 37 weeks' gestation) with suspected fetal macrosomia

Induction of labour showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with expectant management (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Induction of labour at or near term for suspected fetal macrosomia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.91 [0.76, 1.09]
4 studies · 1190 participants
Moderate

Labour induction vs expectant management

Instrumental delivery · women with term or near term (> 37 weeks' gestation) with suspected fetal macrosomia

Induction of labour showed no clear difference in instrumental delivery compared with expectant management (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Induction of labour at or near term for suspected fetal macrosomia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.65, 1.13]
4 studies · 1190 participants
Low

Labour induction vs expectant management

Shoulder dystocia · women with term or near term (> 37 weeks' gestation) with suspected fetal macrosomia

Induction of labour probably leads to lower shoulder dystocia compared with expectant management (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Induction of labour at or near term for suspected fetal macrosomia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.6 [0.37, 0.98]
4 studies · 1190 participants
Moderate

Labour induction vs expectant management

Brachial plexus injury · women with term or near term (> 37 weeks' gestation) with suspected fetal macrosomia

Induction of labour showed no clear difference in brachial plexus injury compared with expectant management (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Induction of labour at or near term for suspected fetal macrosomia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.21 [0.01, 4.28]
4 studies · 1190 participants
Low

Labour induction vs expectant management

Fracture · women with term or near term (> 37 weeks' gestation) with suspected fetal macrosomia

Induction of labour leads to lower fracture (any) compared with expectant management (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Induction of labour at or near term for suspected fetal macrosomia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.2 [0.05, 0.79]
4 studies · 1190 participants
High

Labour induction vs expectant management

Low Apgar score · women with term or near term (> 37 weeks' gestation) with suspected fetal macrosomia

Induction of labour showed no clear difference in low Apgar score (5 minutes) compared with expectant management (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Induction of labour at or near term for suspected fetal macrosomia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.51 [0.25, 9.02]
2 studies · 858 participants
Low

Labour induction vs expectant management

Low arterial cord blood pH (< 7.10) · women with term or near term (> 37 weeks' gestation) with suspected fetal macrosomia

Induction of labour showed no clear difference in low arterial cord blood pH (< 7.10) compared with expectant management (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Induction of labour at or near term for suspected fetal macrosomia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.46, 2.22]
1 study · 818 participants
Moderate

Sildenafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

All‐cause mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

Sildenafil citrate showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.8, 1.27]
5 studies · 516 participants
Moderate

Sildenafil vs IV nitroglycerin

All‐cause mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 23 participants
Low

Sildenafil vs IV nitroglycerin

Neonatal mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 23 participants
Low

Sildenafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

Neonatal mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

Sildenafil citrate showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.45 [0.9, 2.33]
5 studies · 397 participants
Moderate

Tadalafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

All‐cause mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

Tadalafil showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.2 [0.02, 1.6]
1 study · 87 participants
Low

Tadalafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

Neonatal mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

Tadalafil showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.89 [0.06, 13.7]
1 study · 83 participants
Low