What do systematic reviews say?

High vs low blood pressure target

It is very uncertain whether high changes acute ischaemic stroke compared with low blood pressure target (very low certainty).

• High versus low blood pressure targets for cardiac surgery while on cardiopulmonary bypass 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.29 [0.07, 23.63]
  2 studies · 426 participants
  Very low

High vs low blood pressure target

• High versus low blood pressure targets for cardiac surgery while on cardiopulmonary bypass 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 540 participants
  Very low

High vs low blood pressure target

• High versus low blood pressure targets for cardiac surgery while on cardiopulmonary bypass 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 540 participants
  Very low

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

Glucocorticoid showed no clear difference in in‐hospital postoperative mortality compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.83 [0.33, 2.07]
  5 studies · 313 participants
  Moderate

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

• Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 421 participants
  High

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

• Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 421 participants
  High

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

• Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 176 participants
  Moderate

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

Glucocorticoid showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality at longest compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.83 [0.33, 2.07]
  5 studies · 313 participants
  Moderate

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

Glucocorticoid showed no clear difference in cardiovascular mortality at longest compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.4 [0.07, 2.46]
  3 studies · 109 participants
  Moderate

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

Glucocorticoid showed no clear difference in failure to separate from CPB compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.2 [0.01, 3.92]
  1 study · 40 participants
  Low

NPPV vs SMC

NPPV may leads to lower HOSPITAL MORTALITY compared with SMC (low certainty).

• Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation (CPAP or bilevel NPPV) for cardiogenic pulmonary oedema 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.65 [0.51, 0.82]
  21 studies · 2484 participants
  Low

NPPV vs SMC

NPPV probably leads to lower ETI RATE compared with SMC (moderate certainty).

• Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation (CPAP or bilevel NPPV) for cardiogenic pulmonary oedema 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.49 [0.38, 0.62]
  20 studies · 2449 participants
  Moderate

NPPV vs SMC

NPPV showed no clear difference in ACUTE MI INCIDENCE compared with SMC (moderate certainty).

• Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation (CPAP or bilevel NPPV) for cardiogenic pulmonary oedema 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.03 [0.91, 1.16]
  5 studies · 1313 participants
  Moderate

NPPV vs SMC

• Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation (CPAP or bilevel NPPV) for cardiogenic pulmonary oedema 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  11 studies · 1714 participants
  Very low

NPPV vs SMC

• Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation (CPAP or bilevel NPPV) for cardiogenic pulmonary oedema 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 587 participants
  Very low

NPPV vs SMC

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation (CPAP or bilevel NPPV) for cardiogenic pulmonary oedema 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

NPPV vs SMC

• Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation (CPAP or bilevel NPPV) for cardiogenic pulmonary oedema 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  11 studies · 2038 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs control

• Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with coronary artery disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  10 studies · 1226 participants
  Low

Psychological interventions vs psychological treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with coronary artery disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Pharmacological treatment vs placebo

• Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with coronary artery disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 750 participants
  Low