Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

510 questions · 513 findings · 62 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 96 · 18.7%GRADE not reported 13 · 2.5%Very low 181 · 35.3%Low 121 · 23.6%Moderate 69 · 13.5%High 33 · 6.4%

Enhancing vaccination access vs no intervention or another intervention

Home visit by nurse or group sessions with encouragement to receive influenza vaccination plus care plan developed with physician compared to no intervention · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
1 finding from 1 review

Provider‐ or system‐based interventions vs no intervention or another intervention

Posters in clinic displaying influenza vaccination rates to encourage doctors to compete plus postcards to participants compared to no intervention · people aged 60 years and older living in the community

Provider‐ or system‐based interventions leads to higher posters in clinic displaying influenza vaccination rates to… compared with no intervention or another intervention (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Provider‐ or system‐based interventions vs no intervention or another intervention

Posters in clinic displaying influenza vaccination rates to encourage doctors to compete plus postcards to participants compared to posters alone · people aged 60 years and older living in the community

Provider‐ or system‐based interventions showed no clear difference in posters in clinic displaying influenza vaccination rates to… compared with no intervention or another intervention (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dextrose gel vs control

Major neurological disability at 2 years of age (Defined as any of the following: legal blindness, sensorineural deafness requiring hearing aids, moderate or severe cerebral palsy or developmental delay/intellectual impairment (developmental quoti... · newborn infants with hypoglycaemia

Oral dextrose gel showed no clear difference in major neurological disability at age 2 years or olderb Defined as… compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pay for performance (P4P) plus existing payment methods vs existing payment methods

Quantity of service provision (continuous) ‐ immunisation rates for patients aged 65 years or older · healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings

It is very uncertain whether pay for performance (P4P) plus existing payment methods changes quantity of service provision (continuous) ‐ immunisation rates for… compared with existing payment methods (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine vs control vaccine

CRM197‐PCV7in low‐risk infants OMPC‐PCV7in low‐risk infants PHiD‐PC10 and PHiD‐PC11 in low‐risk infants CRM197‐PCV7/9 and CRM197‐PCV7 plus TIVin older children · infants (predominantly < 6 months of age) and older children (aged 1 to 7 years)
1 finding from 1 review

Whole‐facility changes: Home‐like models vs traditional environment

Serious adverse effects Physical restraints, reported as percentage points (lower = better) · older adults living in long‐term residential care including, but not limited to, dementia‐specific care settings

It is very uncertain whether whole‐facility changes: Home‐like models changes serious adverse effects Physical restraints, reported as percentage… compared with traditional environment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for involving patients in decision‐making about their health care vs attention control

Patient evaluation of care/the intervention Patient reports that the intervention changed management of his or her health at 6 months after baseline (3‐point scale: dichotomised into 'a great deal' vs 'somewhat' + 'not at all') (Stanford 2018) Hig... · older patients with multi‐morbidity

Interventions for involving patients in decision‐making about their… may leads to higher patient evaluation of care/the intervention Patient reports that the… compared with attention‐control conditions (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Victim/key stakeholder satisfaction with overall processparticipant interviews · Offenders aged 7 to 21 years

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes victim/key stakeholder satisfaction with overall processparticipant… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review