Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

29 questions · 29 findings · 11 reviews · Neonatal

No studies found 12 · 41.4%GRADE not reported 1 · 3.4%Very low 9 · 31%Low 5 · 17.2%Moderate 0 · 0%High 2 · 6.9%

Topical anesthetics vs placebo or no intervention

Episodes of apnea · lumbar puncture in newborn infants

It is very uncertain whether topical anesthetics changes apnea: occurrence of one or more episodes№ of LPs: 100(1 quasi‐RCT) compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Use of 1 or more red blood cell transfusions (low and high doses of EPO) · preterm infants with low birth weight

The intervention may leads to lower use of 1 or more red blood cell transfusions (low and high doses of… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Use of one or more red blood cell transfusions (low and high dose of EPO) during initial hospital stay · preterm infants with low birth weight

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes use of one or more red blood cell transfusions (low and high dose of… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Motor development and vigor (MDV) domain of the NAPI tool Normative mean and SD at 36 weeks PMA 63 (14.5) Higher scores are associated with more mature behaviour (Snider 2005) · neonates with pain associated with potentially painful procedures for 7 days
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Alertness and orientation (AO) domain of the NAPI tool Normative mean and SD at 36 weeks PMA 54 (19.4) Higher scores are associated with more mature behaviour (Snider 2005) · neonates with pain associated with potentially painful procedures for 7 days
1 finding from 1 review