Anxiety and depression · adults with post‐traumatic stress or common mental disorders
Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions may leads to higher prevalence of adults with probable depression or anxiety (1 to 6… compared with usual or no care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Prevalence of methamphetamine use (1 to 6 months post intervention) (RR < 1 denotes lower prevalence compared to control) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use
Lay health worker‐led interventions for adult patients with harmful… showed no clear difference in prevalence of methamphetamine use (1 to 6 months post intervention)… compared with enhanced usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Service utilisation ‐ unplanned hospitalisations (1 to 6 months post intervention) (RR < 1 denotes lower risk) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use
It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐led interventions for adult patients with harmful… changes service utilisation ‐ unplanned hospitalisations (1 to 6 months post… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events ‐ death in past 12 months (RR > 1 denotes higher risk of death) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use
It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐led interventions for adult patients with harmful… changes adverse events ‐ deaths (RR < 1 denotes lower risk) compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cannabis use · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use
It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes prevalence of cannabis use (1 to 6 months post intervention) (RR < 1… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events RR < 1 indicates lower risk of adverse events · adults with common mental disorders
Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions may leads to lower adverse events RR < 1 indicates lower risk of adverse events compared with usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Functional impairment · people with severe mental disorders
1 finding from 1 review
Prevalence of CMD ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) Diagnosis defined by presence of ICD‐10 diagnosis on CIS‐Rg; prevalence defined by [Total number ‐ number recovered (recovery defined by HDRS < 8)]c (RR < 1 denotes lower prev... · adults with common mental disorders
Primary‐level worker‐led collaborative care showed no clear difference in prevalence of CMD ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post… compared with usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Health workers' resuscitation practices: inappropriate and potentially harmful practices per resuscitation Direct observation Scale: 0 to 1 (better indicated by lower values) · nurses and midwives
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate
Intervention not reported
Clinical outcomes (fasting blood glucose,random blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, systolic blood pressure, blood cholesterol, peak expiratory flow rate; · Pharmacies or pharmacists delivering services in outpatient settings and patients with various diseases*
1 finding from 1 review
Medication appropriateness · older people receiving polypharmacy
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Quality of care: proportion of patients who receive a swallow screen within 24 hours of admission · health professionals providing care to patients with stroke
The intervention probably leads to higher quality of care: proportion of patients who receive a swallow screen… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Global behaviour Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), Neuropsychiatric Inventory‐Nursing Home version (NPI‐NH) and Nurses Observations Scale for Geriatric Patients (NOSGER) (lower scores = better) · older adults living in long‐term residential care including, but not limited to, dementia‐specific care settings
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
257 participants
Very low
Depression Revised Memory and Behaviour Problems Checklist (RMBPC) and Mood Scale Score (MSS) (lower scores = better) · older adults living in long‐term residential care including, but not limited to, dementia‐specific care settings
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
406 participants
Very low
Activities of daily living · older adults living in long‐term residential care including, but not limited to, dementia‐specific care settings
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
499 participants
Very low
Serious adverse effects Physical restraints, reported as percentage points (lower = better) · older adults living in long‐term residential care including, but not limited to, dementia‐specific care settings
It is very uncertain whether whole‐facility changes: Home‐like models changes serious adverse effects Physical restraints, reported as percentage… compared with traditional environment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Improvement in patients' low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (median and meanf)Â · health personnel
1 finding from 1 review
Pharmacy user intermediate clinical outcomes e.g. cholesterol, glycated haemoglobin5 (Lower scores indicate a better outcome) · community pharmacy workers (examples pharmacists, counter assistants etc), community pharmacy users
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
3971 participants
Moderate
Intervention not reported
Caesarean section ‐ low risk group · nurses, midwives, physicians
The intervention showed no clear difference in caesarean section ‐ low risk group (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
High
Intervention not reported
⊕⊕⊝⊝low (5 studies) · Healthcare workers
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low