Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,661 questions · 2,751 findings · 453 reviews

No studies found 593 · 21.6%GRADE not reported 277 · 10.1%Very low 538 · 19.6%Low 712 · 25.9%Moderate 516 · 18.8%High 115 · 4.2%

Does normal saline flushing in long‐term central venous catheters (CVC) prevent occlusion vs heparin flushing

CVC occlusion rate per 1000 catheter days Ability to infuse solution through CVC · infants and children with a long‐term CVC

It is very uncertain whether does normal saline flushing in long‐term central venous catheters… changes CVC occlusion rate per 1000 catheter days: ability to infuse… compared with heparin flushing (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Does normal saline flushing in long‐term central venous catheters (CVC) prevent occlusion vs heparin flushing

CVC‐associated blood stream infection rate per 1000 catheter days Incidence of positive blood culture · infants and children with a long‐term CVC

Does normal saline flushing in long‐term central venous catheters… showed no clear difference in CVC‐associated blood stream infection rate per 1000 catheter days:… compared with heparin flushing (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Longer vs shorter duration of combination nicotine replacement therapy

Smoking cessation ‐ 16 weeks versus 8 weeks · people who smoke

It is very uncertain whether longer changes smoking cessation ‐ 16 weeks versus 8 weeks compared with shorter duration of combination nicotine replacement therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Longer vs shorter duration of combination nicotine replacement therapy

SAEs · people who smoke

It is very uncertain whether longer changes overall SAEs ‐ 26 weeks versus 8 weeks compared with shorter duration of combination nicotine replacement therapy (very low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Antibiotics prior to long‐term CVC insertion versus control: catheter‐related infections · adults and children diagnosed with an oncologic disease with a newly‐inserted long‐term CVC who were at risk of neutropenia due to…

The intervention showed no clear difference in antibiotics prior to long‐term CVC insertion versus control:… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review