What do systematic reviews say?

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 153 participants
  Low

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 149 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Vocabulary interventions vs usual care

• Vocabulary interventions for second language (L2) learners up to six years of age 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1073 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Vocabulary interventions vs usual care

• Vocabulary interventions for second language (L2) learners up to six years of age 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 1074 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Vocabulary interventions vs usual care

• Vocabulary interventions for second language (L2) learners up to six years of age 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 1121 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Vocabulary interventions vs usual care

• Vocabulary interventions for second language (L2) learners up to six years of age 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 960 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions showed no clear difference in substance use ‐ post‐interventiong compared with inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist) (low certainty).

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.57 [0.72, 3.45]
  1 study · 189 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 67 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions changes parent–child relationship ‐ post‐interventionm compared with inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist) (very low certainty).

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 4.67 [0.6, 36.29]
  1 study · 26 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 66 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 247 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 507 participants
  Low

Education vs no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Household interventions for secondary prevention of domestic lead exposure in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Education vs no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Household interventions for secondary prevention of domestic lead exposure in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Education vs no intervention

• Household interventions for secondary prevention of domestic lead exposure in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 318 participants
  Moderate

Educational intervention vs no educational intervention

Educational intervention probably leads to lower age at introduction of complementary foods Measurement: proportion… compared with no educational intervention (moderate certainty).

• Educational interventions for improving primary caregiver complementary feeding practices for children aged 24 months… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.88 [0.83, 0.94]
  4 studies · 1738 participants
  Moderate

Educational intervention vs no educational intervention

Educational intervention showed no clear difference in nutritional status: stunting (H/LAZ ≤ −2 SD) Measurement: proportion… compared with no educational intervention (low certainty).

• Educational interventions for improving primary caregiver complementary feeding practices for children aged 24 months… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.89 [0.74, 1.06]
  5 studies · 3487 participants
  Low

Educational intervention vs no educational intervention

Educational intervention showed no clear difference in nutritional status: wasting (WH/LZ ≤ −2 SD) Measurement: proportion… compared with no educational intervention (low certainty).

• Educational interventions for improving primary caregiver complementary feeding practices for children aged 24 months… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.79 [0.48, 1.3]
  2 studies · 2000 participants
  Low