Plaque · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
Herbal mouthwash reduced some plaque-related indices versus placebo, with low-certainty evidence.
1 finding from 1 review
Cariogenic bacteria (Mutans streptococci) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
Herbal mouthwash reduced Mutans streptococci versus placebo, but certainty is very low.
1 finding from 1 review
Gingival inflammation-related index · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
Herbal mouthwash reduced gingival inflammation-related indices versus placebo, but certainty is very low.
1 finding from 1 review
Plaque · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
Herbal mouthwash reduced several plaque-related indices, but certainty is very low.
1 finding from 1 review
Gingival inflammation-related index · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
Herbal mouthwash reduced some gingival inflammation-related indices, but certainty is very low.
1 finding from 1 review
Cariogenic bacteria (Mutans streptococci) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
Herbal mouthwash showed mixed effects on Mutans streptococci, with very low-certainty evidence.
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical resolution (oral lesion not completely resolved) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
SoF 4, Clinical resolution (not completely resolved) at 3 to 6 months: '3 studies (freeze-dried black raspberry gel, green tea extract capsules, mixed tea) did not find evidence of benefit.' No GRADE. Effects text:…
4 studies
GRADE not reported
Malignant transformation (oral cancer development) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
Improvement of histological features (not improved) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
Volatile sulphur compounds (VSC), halimeter · Adults over 18 years with a clinical or self-assessed diagnosis of halitosis, without significant comorbidity (e.g. diabetes) or…
1 finding from 1 review
Rassameemasmaung 2007: halimeter-assessed VSC (ppb). Herbal (Garcinia mangostana L): 248.35 (SD 172.30) at baseline to 100.54 (SD 69.37) at day 15 (59.68% reduction, P < 0.05); Placebo: 237.45 (SD 114.15) to 176.83 (SD…
1 study · 60 participants
GRADE not reported
Visual improvement at end of treatment, as defined by two or more Snellen lines · people with diabetic retinopathy
Single herb plus conventional intervention may leads to higher visual acuity (gain of ≥ 2 lines) (end of treatment) compared with conventional intervention (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total effectiveness rate with subgroup analysis ‐ individualised treatment Clinician's rating · atopic eczema
CHM may leads to higher total effectiveness rate with subgroup analysis ‐ individualised… compared with drugs (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total effectiveness rate with subgroup analysis ‐ non‐individualised treatment Clinician's rating · atopic eczema
It is very uncertain whether CHM changes total effectiveness rate with subgroup analysis ‐ non‐individualised… compared with drugs (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cognitive function · People with vascular dementia
1 finding from 1 review
Cognition‐ADAS‐Cog ‐ not measured · People with vascular dementia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Global performance (improved) ‐ not measured · People with vascular dementia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events (AEs) (1 or more events) · People with vascular dementia
FuFangHaiShe showed no clear difference in adverse events (AEs) (1 or more) compared with 'no treatment' (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Activities of daily living · People with vascular dementia
1 finding from 1 review
Behaviour ‐ not measured · People with vascular dementia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found