Receptive language (total language; standard scores) · children with Down syndrome aged between birth and six years
1 finding from 1 review
Cognitive abilities (Severe Impairment Battery; SIB) · people with Down syndrome
1 finding from 1 review
Carer stress · people with Down syndrome
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Institutional/home care · people with Down syndrome
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Death · people with Down syndrome
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Behavioural problems: overall · people with Down syndrome
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · people with Down syndrome
Comparison 1: donepezil may leads to lower adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Carer stress · people with Down syndrome
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Institutional/home care · people with Down syndrome
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Death · people with Down syndrome
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Secondary outcome measure: cognitive abilities at the end of · people with Down syndrome
1 finding from 1 review
Behavioural problems: overall · people with Down syndrome
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · people with Down syndrome
Comparison 2: memantine showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Oral health-related quality of life · Persons with disabilities (children and adults with autism, Down syndrome, cerebral palsy, hearing impairment, or multiple disabilities)…
Persons with disabilities in Saudi Arabia report poorer overall oral health-related quality of life and greater oral-health impact than those without disabilities, synthesized narratively without a pooled estimate (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries prevalence and severity · Persons with disabilities (children and adults with autism, Down syndrome, cerebral palsy, hearing impairment, or multiple disabilities)…
Dental caries prevalence and severity are high among persons with disabilities in Saudi Arabia (60% to over 80%), and the one comparative autism study reported significantly higher caries than controls; synthesized narratively (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Narrative synthesis (no pooled estimate). High dental caries burden among PWDs: caries prevalence 60% to over 80% (abstract). Alkahtani 2019 (hearing-impaired adults, single-arm): caries prevalence 82.2%, treatment…
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Moderate gingival inflammation / gingival health · Persons with disabilities (children and adults with autism, Down syndrome, cerebral palsy, hearing impairment, or multiple disabilities)…
Gingival inflammation is common among persons with disabilities in Saudi Arabia (moderate-to-severe up to about 60%), reported narratively without a pooled comparative estimate (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Gingivitis · Children aged 7 to 13 years with Down syndrome (mild to moderate ID); setting residential
1 finding from 1 review
Toothpaste with a plaque-disclosing agent vs conventional toothpaste, children with Down syndrome. Ainamo & Bay Gingival Bleeding Index, mean 10 days; percent mean difference 18 (intervention) vs 8 (control), P<0.001…
1 study · 40 participants
Very low
Plaque · Children aged 7 to 13 years with Down syndrome (mild to moderate ID); setting residential
1 finding from 1 review
Simplified Green & Vermillion Oral Hygiene Index (plaque), mean 10 days; percent mean difference 65 (intervention) vs 15 (control), P<0.0001 favouring the disclosing-agent toothpaste; 40 participants (SoF states 80,…
1 study · 40 participants
Very low
Intervention not reported
Age of onset of independent walking (months) · children under six years with cerebral palsy or Down syndrome or at risk of neuromotor delay
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Age of onset of walking with assistance (days in study) · children under six years with cerebral palsy or Down syndrome or at risk of neuromotor delay
1 finding from 1 review